Color Models: RGB and CMYK

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Questions and Answers

What is the outcome when you add portions of red, green, and blue in the RGB color model?

  • Cyan
  • White (correct)
  • Magenta
  • Black

What is the principle of the CMYK color model?

  • Reflective color
  • Subtractive color (correct)
  • Additive color
  • Absorptive color

When is it best to use the RGB color model?

  • When designing a website
  • When displaying on a computer monitor (correct)
  • When printing a document
  • When creating a logo

What does HSL stand for in the HSL color model?

<p>Hue, Saturation, Lightness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a saturation value of 0 indicate?

<p>A color with mostly grey (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of the hue value in the HSL color model?

<p>0 to 360 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the saturation value in the HSL color model?

<p>The color becomes more intense (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between HSL and HSV color models?

<p>A color with maximum lightness in HSL is pure white, but a color with maximum value/brightness in HSV is analogous to shining a white light on a colored object (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'L' component in the LAB color model represent?

<p>Luminosity from black to white (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lightness value in the HSL color model?

<p>To adjust the brightness of the color (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the YUV color model?

<p>To separate brightness and color information, especially for video (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative color model to HSL?

<p>HSV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for deriving Luma (Y) in the YUV color model?

<p>Y = 0.2125R + 0.7145G + 0.0721B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three values that represent any color in the YUV color model?

<p>Y, U, and V (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'B' component in the LAB color model represent?

<p>Blue from -128 to +127 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of the HSL and HSV color models?

<p>They are more closely aligned with the way human vision perceives color-making attributes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of color reproduction in monitors?

<p>Standard red, green and blue as primaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using indexed color?

<p>To reduce the size of image without using lossy compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many colors can be represented by an 8-bit color component?

<p>256 colors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe 216 colors that are guaranteed to reproduce accurately on all platforms and browsers?

<p>Web-safe palette (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do TVs and computer monitors produce colors?

<p>By using optical mixing of red, green, and blue light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of bits required to represent 256 grays in an image?

<p>8 bits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the number of bits used to represent each color component?

<p>Color depth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using a 24-bit color representation?

<p>It can represent millions of colors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

RGB Color Model

  • Also known as "additive color"
  • Colors are added together to achieve further colors, with the outcome being white
  • Our eyes receive no reflected light, perceiving black when no colors are added

CMYK Color Model

  • Subtractive color model
  • Starts with all colors and subtracts to achieve white
  • Colors absorb light

When to Use RGB vs CMYK

  • Use RGB for computer monitor output
  • Use CMYK for printed materials

HSL Color Model

  • Supported in modern browsers
  • Stands for Hue, Saturation, and Lightness
  • Hue is a degree on the color wheel (0-360)
  • Saturation is the intensity of a color (0-100%)
  • Lightness is how much light is given to the color (0-100%)

HSV Color Model

  • Alternative way of specifying color
  • Hue is the actual color (0-360)
  • Saturation indicates the amount of grey in a color (0-100%)
  • Value (brightness) refers to how much white or black is mixed in the color

HSL vs HSV

  • HSL: maximum lightness is pure white
  • HSV: maximum value/brightness is shining a white light on a colored object

LAB or CIE Color Model

  • L: lightness from black (0) to white (100)
  • A: from green (-128) to red (+127)
  • B: from blue (-128) to yellow (+127)

YUV Color Model

  • Defines a color space in terms of one Luma (Y) and two chrominance (UV) components
  • Can separate brightness and color information
  • Luma is derived from an RGB color by taking a weighted average of the red, green, and blue components

Color

  • A particular color is defined by the proportions of red, green, and blue light it contains
  • TVs and computer monitors use pixels made up of three dots of different types of phosphor, emitting red, green, and blue light

RGB Color Storage

  • Represent any color with three numbers (r, g, b)
  • Use as pixel's stored value in bitmapped image
  • Can choose number of bits for each of r, g, and b
  • More bits per component means more colors can be distinguished, but image files will be larger

Color Depth

  • 8 bits (1 byte) per component -> 256 colors
  • 24-bit -> millions of colors
  • If r = g = b, color is a shade of grey

Indexed Color

  • 8-bit color only permits 256 colors
  • Instead of storing (r, g, b) for each pixel, store an index into a palette or Color Lookup Table (CLUT)
  • Index can be small, usually a single byte

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