Colonization and Jamestown Overview

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of colonization?

A peaceful coexistence with Native Americans.

The practice of purifying a religious organization.

A system of enforced servitude in which someone is owned by another person.

The act of establishing settlements and controlling people in other countries. (correct)

What year was Jamestown founded?

1607

Who is credited with the introduction of tobacco cultivation in Virginia?

John Rolfe

What was Bacon's Rebellion a response to?

Unfriendly policies toward Native Americans. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Virginia Company?

Founded Jamestown Signup and view all the answers

What was the House of Burgesses?

The first legislative body in colonial America. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Powhatan?

An Indian chieftain Signup and view all the answers

Indentured servants worked without pay for _ to _ years.

4 to 7 Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of slavery?

A system of enforced servitude where one person is owned by another. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Puritans seeking when they settled in America?

Religious freedom. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of King Philip's War?

The defeat of the Wampanoag. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of town meetings in colonial New England?

For male landowners to vote on laws. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Half-Way Covenant?

Partial church membership for the children of church members. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Mayflower Compact?

The first agreement for self-government in America. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Salem Witch Trials?

An outbreak of witchcraft accusations in Massachusetts Bay. Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the Rhode Island settlement?

Roger Williams Signup and view all the answers

New Amsterdam was renamed _____ when it became an English colony.

New York Signup and view all the answers

Who was William Penn?

An English Quaker who founded Pennsylvania. Signup and view all the answers

What was mercantilism?

An economic theory that promotes government regulation of a nation's economy. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Colonization

Expansion of countries establishing settlements and control over local populations.

Jamestown

First permanent English settlement founded in 1607 in Virginia by the London Company.
Key figures include John Smith; tobacco emerged as a significant cash crop.
The settlement endured a severe period known as the "starving time."

Tobacco Cultivation

Introduced to Virginia by John Rolfe, who developed superior tobacco strains.
Became crucial for Virginia's economy, demonstrating profitability to the monarchy.

Bacon's Rebellion

A 1676 uprising in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley.
Triggered by resentment over Berkeley's policies toward Native Americans and inadequate protection from raids.

Virginia Company

Group of London investors that sponsored expeditions to the New World.
Key player in the establishment of Jamestown.

House of Burgesses

Established in 1619, it was the first legislative body in colonial America, allowing local governance.

Powhatan

Indian chieftain who led the peoples in the James River area.
Provided crucial assistance to the Jamestown colonists.

Indentured Servants

Colonists who exchanged years of labor (4-7 years) for free passage to North America.
Labor system that provided a temporary solution to labor shortages before the rise of slavery.

Slavery Development

System of enforced servitude where individuals are owned by others.
Virginia's dependence on tobacco cultivation increased the demand for slave labor.

Puritans

Religious group seeking to purify the Church of England.
Established colony in Massachusetts Bay for religious freedom.

King Philip's War

Conflict lasting from 1675 to 1676, the bloodiest between settlers and Native Americans in the 17th century.
Wampanoag tribe, led by King Philip, fought against English encroachment, resulting in severe casualties on both sides.

Town Meeting

A democratic practice in colonial New England where male landowners could vote and discuss local laws and issues.

Half-Way Covenant

A form of partial church membership allowed for the children of church members in Puritan communities, aimed at maintaining church attendance.

Mayflower Compact

First self-governance agreement in America, signed in 1620 by 41 men aboard the Mayflower, establishing a government for Plymouth Colony.

Salem Witch Trials

1629 hysteria over witchcraft in a Puritan community marked by fear and accusations, notably utilizing spectral evidence.

Massachusetts Settlement

Puritan foundation in the New England region, known for its strict religious observance.

Massachusetts Charter

Document issued in 1691 that formally established the Province of Massachusetts Bay under the authority of William and Mary of Orange.

Rhode Island Settlement

Established by dissenters from Massachusetts seeking religious tolerance and separation of church and state.

New Amsterdam/New York

Originally a Dutch settlement for trade and fur, renamed New York after the English takeover in 1664.

William Penn

Quaker who founded Pennsylvania in 1682, promoting religious tolerance and peaceful coexistence through the "holy experiment."

Roger Williams

Founder of Rhode Island, advocating for separation of church and state; banished for his beliefs from Massachusetts in 1636.

Quakers

Society of Friends who separated from the Church of England; emphasized pacifism, inner divinity, and social equality, particularly under William Penn's leadership.

French Settlement of Quebec

Established as a fur trading post by the French, marking France's early presence in North America.

Mercantilism

Economic policy emphasizing the importance of trade and accumulation of wealth through a favorable balance of trade; significant in shaping colonial policies.

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Description

Explore the key events and figures of early American colonization, focusing on the establishment of Jamestown in 1607. Learn about the significance of tobacco cultivation, Bacon's Rebellion, and the role of the Virginia Company in shaping the economy and governance of the colony.