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Questions and Answers
What role did the colonial government of India play in the establishment of schools?
What role did the colonial government of India play in the establishment of schools?
What was one reason parents were compelled to send their children to mission schools?
What was one reason parents were compelled to send their children to mission schools?
What was Saya San's role in the rebellion against British colonial rule?
What was Saya San's role in the rebellion against British colonial rule?
How did teachers in the government schools differ from those in mission schools?
How did teachers in the government schools differ from those in mission schools?
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What was the outcome of the struggle by 1890 involving British and Indian troops?
What was the outcome of the struggle by 1890 involving British and Indian troops?
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What was one of the main justifications the French used for their invasion of Southeast Asia?
What was one of the main justifications the French used for their invasion of Southeast Asia?
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What strategy did the French use to weaken opposition among the native Vietnamese people?
What strategy did the French use to weaken opposition among the native Vietnamese people?
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Which rebellion was led by Phan Dinh Pung against French colonial forces?
Which rebellion was led by Phan Dinh Pung against French colonial forces?
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What was a direct outcome of the Treaty of Protection signed by King Norodom Sihanouk?
What was a direct outcome of the Treaty of Protection signed by King Norodom Sihanouk?
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Which of the following characterized the governance style of the French in Vietnam?
Which of the following characterized the governance style of the French in Vietnam?
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What method did the French utilize to achieve their economic goals in Vietnam?
What method did the French utilize to achieve their economic goals in Vietnam?
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What was one of the driving forces behind French colonial policy in Cambodia?
What was one of the driving forces behind French colonial policy in Cambodia?
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What was a significant feature of the administration put in place by the French in Indochina?
What was a significant feature of the administration put in place by the French in Indochina?
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What was the main role of the resident superior in French Cambodia?
What was the main role of the resident superior in French Cambodia?
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What was a significant consequence of British colonialism in Myanmar?
What was a significant consequence of British colonialism in Myanmar?
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Which of the following accurately describes the dual system of government established by the French in Cambodia?
Which of the following accurately describes the dual system of government established by the French in Cambodia?
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What sparked a nationalistic response against French colonialism in Cambodia?
What sparked a nationalistic response against French colonialism in Cambodia?
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Why did the revolts against the French in Cambodia ultimately fail?
Why did the revolts against the French in Cambodia ultimately fail?
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What was one method the British used in their colonial strategy in Myanmar?
What was one method the British used in their colonial strategy in Myanmar?
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What was one of the key pillars of the society that was affected by British colonialism in Myanmar?
What was one of the key pillars of the society that was affected by British colonialism in Myanmar?
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Who led the first revolutionary movement against the French in Cambodia?
Who led the first revolutionary movement against the French in Cambodia?
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Study Notes
Colonialism in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Myanmar
- French Indochina: Established in 1887 after successful attacks on trading ports and capital cities.
- Justification: French invasion presented as a "civilizing mission," similar to the British approach, aiming to spread modern political and social reforms.
- Colonial Policies: Focused on profit from production, exploitation of natural resources, and Vietnamese labor.
- Government: Established representative colonial government in Vietnam. French officials controlled the Nguyen dynasty, acting as puppet rulers and instituting a "divide and rule" policy to suppress opposition.
- Vietnamese Resistance: Local officials, despite the colonial government, resisted the French. Guerrilla warfare and large battles, like the one led by Phan Dinh Pung, emerged in response to the French. The Nguyen Dynasty also resisted through the Cochinchina Campaign (1860s and 1870s).
French Colonial Policies in Cambodia
- Treaty of Protection (1863): Cambodia became a French protectorate, giving the French control over foreign policies. The goal was to prevent expansion from Siamese and British powers.
- King Norodom Sihanouk: Initially signed the treaty, but as he weakened, the French took control. Use of French military to quell local rebellions, safeguarding the kingdom from external threats, was noted.
- Siamsoth: Became king after Norodom weakened and allied with the French.
- Resource Exploitation: Large-scale rubber plantation development was initiated by the French.
- Dual Government System: A dual system of government existed, with French control over most aspects, while a symbolic royal authority remained, leading eventually to the centralization of French power.
French Colonial Policies in Myanmar
- Burmese Colony: Became a British colony on January 1, 1886, following the Anglo-Burmese War.
- End of Monarchy and Sangha: The demise of the Burmese monarchy and the status of the sangha (monks) was a significant loss to Burmese society. The last Burmese king, Thibaw, was exiled.
- Colonial Government: The British established a colonial government in Burma, detaching it from religious affairs.
- Strategic Hamlets: A plan to fight guerrilla resistance. Villages were burned and families removed. Strategic hamlets were set up and controlled by loyal figures.
- Educational System: The British established schools teaching both English and Burmese, though the focus was often in opposition to local religions and traditions. Missionaries became prominent teachers.
- Resistance: Peasants under Saya San led a resistance from 1930 to 1931, armed with basic weapons, against the British.
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Description
Explore the impact of French colonialism in Southeast Asia, focusing on Vietnam, Cambodia, and Myanmar. This quiz examines the establishment of French Indochina, the justification for colonialism, and the response of local populations. Test your knowledge on key events, policies, and resistance throughout this critical historical period.
