Colonial America: Rebellions and Trials

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Questions and Answers

Match the historical events with their descriptions:

Bacon's Rebellion = Indentured servants in Virginia revolt against government and landowners Middle passage = The middle portion of the triangular trade that brought African slaves to the Americas Salem witch trials = Accusations of witchcraft led to trials and 18 hangings in Massachusetts Treaty of Paris 1763 = Ended the French and Indian War with Britain dominating North America

Match the legislation with their purposes:

Proclamation of 1763 = Law forbidding colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains Sugar Act = British tariff on sugar and other goods to reduce debt Quartering Act 1765 = Law requiring colonists to house British soldiers Albany Congress = Meeting to ensure Iroquois loyalty and promote colonial unity

Match the notable figures with their contributions:

George Whitefield = Most influential New Light speaker during the First Great Awakening Jonathon Edwards = New Light preacher who started the First Great Awakening Phyllis Wheatley = First important African American writer in America Samuel de Champlain = French explorer who established Quebec settlement

Match the trade concepts with their definitions:

Triangular Trade = Three-way trading system between Africa, America, and Europe Mercantilism = Economic theory where colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country Headright system = Land parcels given to colonists for bringing indentured servants First Great Awakening = Religious revival in the colonies during the 1730s and 1740s Signup and view all the answers

Match the events with their causes:

Bacon's Rebellion = Lack of protection from Native Americans on the frontier Salem witch trials = Social tensions and decline of Puritanism in the area Proclamation of 1763 = To prevent conflicts between settlers and Native Americans Sugar Act = To address British debts from the French and Indian War Signup and view all the answers

Match the outcomes with their events:

Treaty of Paris 1763 = French removed from North America Quartering Act 1765 = Colonial resentment towards British military presence First Great Awakening = Deeper religious splits in the colonies Middle passage = Massive transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas Signup and view all the answers

Match the events with their historical context:

Bacon's Rebellion = Revolt stemming from grievances against colonial authority Triangular Trade = Economic system utilized heavily in the 1600s to 1800s Albany Congress = Attempt to unify colonies for mutual security Mercantilism = Emergence of colonial economies benefiting Britain Signup and view all the answers

Match the acts with their effects on colonists:

Sugar Act = Colonists responded by smuggling and bribery Quartering Act 1765 = Colonists angered by housing British troops Proclamation of 1763 = Restriction on westward expansion for settlers Headright system = Attraction of more colonists through land incentives Signup and view all the answers

Match the following acts with their descriptions:

Stamp Act = Law that taxed printed goods, including playing cards and newspapers Declaratory Act = Stated that Parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases Townshend Acts = Tax placed on leads, glass, paint, and tea Intolerable Acts = Series of laws set up to punish Massachusetts for protests Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their significance:

Boston Massacre = First bloodshed of the American Revolution Battles of Lexington and Concord = Conflicts that started the Revolutionary War Olive Branch Petition = An offer of peace sent to King George III Navigation Acts = Laws governing trade that angered the colonists Signup and view all the answers

Match the following historical figures with their roles:

Samuel Adams = Founder of the Sons of Liberty John Hancock = President of the Second Continental Congress George III = King during the American Revolution Benjamin Franklin = Diplomat to France during the Revolution Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Virtual representation = British response to 'taxation without representation' Patriot = Colonists who supported independence from Britain Loyalist = Colonists who remained loyal to the British crown Continental Congress = The governing body that represented the American colonies Signup and view all the answers

Match the following acts with their impacts on the colonies:

Stamp Act = Led to widespread protests and boycotts Townshend Acts = Increased tensions leading to conflicts Intolerable Acts = Resulted in the First Continental Congress Navigation Acts = Restricted colonial trade and economic growth Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Bacon's Rebellion

Indentured servants revolted due to lack of protection against Native Americans on the Virginia frontier.
The rebellion led to the burning of Jamestown and increased reliance on African slaves as a labor source.

Middle Passage

Refers to the segment of the triangular trade that transported enslaved Africans to the Americas.

Salem Witch Trials

Series of witchcraft accusations in Salem, Massachusetts, resulting in 18 hangings.
Cotton Mather served as the chief judge during these trials, showcasing social tensions and decline of Puritanism.

Headright System

Offered parcels of land (approximately 50 acres) to colonists who brought indentured servants to America.
Used by the Virginia Company to encourage settlement and immigration.

Triangular Trade

A trade network operating from the 1600s to 1800s:
- Africa sent enslaved people to America.
- America exported raw materials to Europe.
- Europe supplied guns and rum to Africa.

First Great Awakening

A religious revival occurring in the 1730s and 1740s, combating secularism.
Key figures included George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards, who preached themes of sin and atonement.

George Whitefield

A prominent preacher and "new light" speaker during the First Great Awakening, influential in colonial revivalism.

Jonathan Edwards

New light preacher credited with initiating the First Great Awakening, emphasizing spiritual redemption.

Phyllis Wheatley

The first important African American poet and writer, later noted by abolitionists for her intellectual contributions.

Treaty of Paris 1763

Ended the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War), resulting in British dominance and the expulsion of the French from North America.

Proclamation of 1763

Law prohibiting English colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains to stabilize relations with Native Americans.

Samuel de Champlain

French explorer known for establishing a settlement in present-day Quebec between 1567 and 1635.

Albany Congress

A 1754 meeting of Iroquois leaders and seven colonies aimed at ensuring Iroquois loyalty and fostering colonial unity.

Mercantilism

Economic theory asserting that colonies exist to benefit the mother country by supplying raw materials and fostering trade.

Sugar Act (1764)

Imposed tariffs on sugar, coffee, wines, and molasses to alleviate British debt from the French and Indian War; led to colonial smuggling.

Quartering Act (1765)

Required colonists to provide housing, food, and supplies for British troops, enacted as punishment for the Boston Tea Party.

Stamp Act (1765)

Taxed a variety of printed materials, including newspapers and legal documents, leading to colonial unrest and resistance.

Declaratory Act (1766)

Passed after the repeal of the Stamp Act, asserting that Parliament had the right to legislate for the colonies in all matters.

Townshend Acts

Imposed taxes on common goods such as lead, glass, paint, and tea, further aggravating colonial grievances.

Boston Massacre

A confrontation in 1770 where British soldiers fired on a crowd, killing five Americans, marking a significant escalation in tensions.

Intolerable Acts

A series of punitive laws instituted to discipline Massachusetts for its protests, further unifying colonial resistance.

Samuel Adams

Key patriot leader and co-founder of the Sons of Liberty; actively advocated for independence and signed the Declaration of Independence.

Battles of Lexington and Concord

Conflicts in 1775 that ignited the Revolutionary War between Massachusetts colonists and British forces.

Virtual Representation

British rationale for taxation without direct representation, claiming that Parliament represented all British subjects, regardless of colonial status.

Olive Branch Petition

A peace offering sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George III, seeking to avert further conflict.

Regulations governing colonial trade, mandating that certain goods be shipped exclusively to England, causing colonial resentment.

John Hancock

Notable patriot leader and the first president of the Second Continental Congress; famously the first to sign the Declaration of Independence.

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