Colonial America
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Questions and Answers

What economic system involved exporting colonies trading goods to their mother country?

  • Capitalism
  • Socialism
  • Mercantilism (correct)
  • Feudalism

What type of agriculture focuses on producing crops for commercial value?

  • Organic Farming
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Subsistence Farming
  • Cash-Crop Agriculture (correct)

Which term describes a body with the power to make laws?

  • Judiciary
  • Legislature (correct)
  • Democracy
  • Executive Branch

What document established an early example of self-governance in America?

<p>Mayflower Compact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which document, signed in 1215, limited the powers of the king in England?

<p>Magna Carta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color represents the New England region on the map?

<p>Red (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following colonies is part of the Southern Colonies?

<p>Georgia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color indicates the Middle Colonies on the map?

<p>Green (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area on the map is designated as Native American Land?

<p>Not specifically marked (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is used for French Colonies on the map?

<p>Yellow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key reason for the founding of Plymouth?

<p>For religious freedom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the early setbacks faced by Jamestown?

<p>Inability to farm and cold winters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the government of Jamestown?

<p>Representative democracy with self-government (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the relationship with Native Americans differ between Jamestown and Plymouth?

<p>Jamestown enslaved Natives while Plymouth traded peacefully (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable characteristic of the Plymouth region?

<p>Brutally cold winters and poor soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Spain's primary economic interest during colonization?

<p>Mining gold and silver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was England's approach to social interactions with Native Americans?

<p>Promote religious freedom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature did all three countries, Spain, France, and England, prioritize during colonization?

<p>Gaining land (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the social motivations for Spain's colonization efforts?

<p>Spread Catholicism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic activity was France primarily interested in during its colonization?

<p>Fur trading (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the action of taking control of an area or country that is not one's own?

<p>Colonization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the right to think, believe, and act upon something?

<p>Religious Freedom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of exploration?

<p>To travel through unfamiliar areas to learn about them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes individuals to leave their home country or region?

<p>Push Factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an area under partial or complete control of another country?

<p>Colony (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily motivated settlers in the New England colonies?

<p>Religious freedom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the climate and soil of the Southern colonies?

<p>Hot and humid weather with good soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant economic characteristic of the Middle colonies?

<p>Major centers of shipping and agriculture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the political characteristics of the Southern colonies?

<p>Corporate colonies with joint-stock companies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region is characterized by family units as a significant social aspect?

<p>New England colonies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major industries were particularly prevalent in the New England colonies?

<p>Fishing and lumber (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the social structure differ among the Southern colonies compared to the other regions?

<p>It was based on slave labor for large plantations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common characteristic of the political systems in the Middle colonies?

<p>Equalitarian principles with representative government (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which colony was characterized by the Church of England as its primary belief?

<p>Virginia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Mayflower Compact?

<p>To create a governing body through agreement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which colony was home to a mix of Quakers, Roman Catholics, and Lutherans?

<p>New Jersey (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about the Virginia House of Burgesses?

<p>It was the first representative assembly in the American colonies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which colony had predominantly Puritan beliefs?

<p>Massachusetts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Colonization

Taking control of an area or country not your own.

Colonist

A settler or inhabitant of a colony.

Exploration

Traveling to a new area to learn about it.

Push Factor

A reason that makes people leave a place.

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Pull Factor

A reason that attracts people to a place.

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Mercantilism

An economic system where European empires focused on exporting goods from colonies to increase their wealth.

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Cash-Crop Agriculture

Farming that focuses on growing crops specifically for selling in the market.

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Plantation

Large estates often using enslaved labor to produce crops for sale.

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Transatlantic Trade

Trade routes across the Atlantic Ocean involving the exchange of goods between continents.

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Representative Government

A political system where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

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Thirteen Colonies

The 13 British colonies that eventually formed the United States of America.

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New England Colonies

The northern group of colonies - Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire.

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Middle Colonies

A group of colonies between New England and the South - New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.

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Southern Colonies

Southern group of colonies - Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.

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French Colonies

French settlements in North America, often in competition with British colonies.

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Political Characteristics of New England

Often driven by religious freedom, with a focus on representative government and self-governing churches.

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Economic Characteristics of New England

Focused on shipping, fishing, shipbuilding, and lumber, with a strong merchant class.

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Social Characteristics of New England

Known for its close-knit family units and a strong emphasis on education.

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Political Characteristics of Middle Colonies

Valued equality, had a mix of proprietary colonies (founded by individuals) and representative government.

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Economic Characteristics of Middle Colonies

Known as the 'breadbasket' of the colonies, producing wheat and other grains, and also having a thriving shipping industry.

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PEGS of Colonization

A framework used to analyze the motivations and goals of European colonization, encompassing Economic, Political, Social, and Geographic factors.

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Spain's Economic Goals

Spain's primary economic interest in colonizing the Americas was accumulating wealth through gold and silver mining, sugar production, and agriculture.

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French Exploration

France primarily focused on fur trading and establishing friendly relationships with Native Americans.

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England's Economic Goals

England aimed to acquire wealth through gold, cash crops like tobacco, and lumber.

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Religious Freedom in English Colonies

English colonies offered a haven for various religious groups seeking freedom from persecution, including Catholics, Puritans, Pilgrims, and Quakers.

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Jamestown's Location

Jamestown was situated in the north of the James River, along the coast, experiencing warm summers and cold winters with fertile soil. It was believed to have gold, attracting colonists.

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Plymouth's Location

Plymouth was located far north, along the coast with brutally cold winters and poor soil. It was abundant in lumber.

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Plymouth's Founding

Plymouth was established for religious freedom, allowing colonists to practice their faith freely without persecution.

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Jamestown's Challenges

Jamestown faced significant early challenges due to factors like 'Starving Time' - a period of severe food shortage caused by poor preparation, harsh winters, and lack of farming skills.

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Jamestown's Government

Jamestown had a representative democracy, with elected officials called 'Burgesses'. It focused on cash crops like tobacco, employing slaves, and implementing its own set of rules.

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Virginia House of Burgesses

The first representative assembly in the American colonies, established in Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. It was composed of free white men and empowered to make laws for the colony.

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Mayflower Compact

An agreement signed by Pilgrims on the Mayflower in 1620, establishing a form of self-governance outside the limits of the Virginia Company Charter. It was an agreement among the men on board the ship and helped establish the idea of government by agreement.

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Quaker Beliefs

Religious beliefs emphasizing equality, pacifism, and inner light, practiced in Pennsylvania and New York during the colonial period.

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Puritan Beliefs

Religious beliefs emphasizing strict moral code, simplicity, and God's chosen people, practiced in Massachusetts during the colonial period.

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Separatist Beliefs

Religious beliefs advocating for separation from the Church of England, practiced in New Hampshire and Rhode Island during the colonial period.

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