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The New England Colonies included Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and ______.
New Hampshire
The geography of the Middle Colonies featured a warmer climate with fertile soil, flat land, and easily-navigable ______.
rivers
Many colonists known as 'yeoman farmers' in New England had small family-owned farms that grew a variety of ______.
crops
The Southern Colonies included the first English colony of Virginia and grew to include ______, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.
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The people of the Middle Colonies supported religious freedom and had a ______ population with settlers arriving from many areas in Europe.
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The geography included rich, fertile soil with broad coastal plains that made it possible for large plantations to grow ______, rice, and indigo.
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The majority of these plantations featured a labor force of enslaved ______ people.
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Many enslaved children were put to work as young as age ______.
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Indentured servants would work for ______ to ______ years in exchange for their passage to North America.
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The ______ of England was the dominant religion in the Southern Colonies.
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Study Notes
Importance of Natural Environment
- Geography and location significantly impacted the development of North American colonies.
- Factors such as soil type, climate, seasons, and proximity to water bodies determined prosperity.
Colonial Regions Overview
- By the 1700s, American colonies divided into three regions: New England, Middle Colonies, and Southern Colonies.
- Each region had distinct geographical and cultural characteristics influencing economy and society.
New England Colonies
- Included Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire.
- Characterized by dense forests, hills, rocky land, cold climate, and long winters.
- Poor conditions for large-scale farming; however, small family farms (yeoman farmers) thrived.
- Major economic activities included fishing and whaling; craftsmanship and trade also developed.
- Settlers primarily Puritans who valued community, hard work, and religious devotion.
Middle Colonies
- Comprised Pennsylvania, Delaware, New York, and New Jersey.
- Featured warmer climate, fertile soil, flat terrain, navigable rivers, and wide valleys.
- Ideal for farming; wealthy farmers produced cash crops and raised livestock.
- Economy bolstered by mining and trade, leading to urban growth and vibrant merchant activity.
- Noted for supporting religious freedom and tolerance; population was diverse due to European immigration.
Southern Colonies
- Originated with Virginia, expanding to include Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.
- Geography included rich, fertile soil and broad coastal plains suitable for large plantations.
- Primary crops: tobacco, rice, and indigo; reliance on enslaved labor for plantation operations.
- Enslaved individuals had minimal rights; families were often separated by plantation owners.
- Subsistence farmers also present, focusing on crops for personal use with little surplus to sell.
- Indentured servants worked in exchange for passage to North America, typically contracted for 5-7 years.
- Dominant religion was the Anglican Church, with settlers generally not migrating for religious freedom.
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Description
Explore the significant factors influencing the development of the North American colonies with a focus on geography, climate, and culture. This quiz covers the distinct characteristics of the New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies established by the 1700s, including their economies and social structures.
