Colon Anatomy SAQ

Stratified squamous epithelium

Underlying connective tissue that supports the epithelium

In the mucosa, near the esophagogastric junction

<p>Simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Villi are outpocketings of mucosa covered by simple columnar epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brunner glands are prominent in the proximal duodenum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plicae circularis are folding of both the mucosa and the submucosa. They are found in the jejunum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The jejunum is the main site of absorption in the small intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crescent-shaped projections into LM of intestinal crypts and pendulous bulges of subserosal adipose tissue shaped like grapes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microfold cells are similar to those of the small intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lamina propria is richly cellular, containing capillaries and larger blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorptive cells in the colon bear apical microplicae (microvilli) that are shorter and less regular than those on enterocytes in the small intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thick layer of mucus secreted by surface cells in the stomach forms a barrier over the mucosa for protection of tissues from acid and proteolytic enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscularis externa of the stomach is made of three layers of smooth muscle: outer longitudinal, middle circular, and inner oblique.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The gastric glands contain parietal cells, mucous neck cells, chief cells, and enteroendocrine cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main cell types found in the intestinal glands of the small intestine are absorptive cells, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, M cells, and Paneth cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The squamocolumnar junction marks the transition from the rectum to the anal canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The squamocolumnar junction occurs well above the pectinate line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The features of the rectum indicated in the image are the superior hemorrhoidal venous plexuses (SH) and the inferior hemorrhoidal venous plexuses (IH).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The function of the ileocecal valve is to prevent the backflow of fecal matter from the large intestine into the small intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peyer's patches are aggregations of lymphoid nodules in the lamina propria of the small intestine. They are most common in the distal ileum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main absorptive site in the small intestine is the jejunum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diverticulosis is the presence of diverticula, or herniations of mucosa and submucosa through the muscularis externa of the colon. It can lead to perforations, tears, bleeding, and infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main histological features of the anatomical subdivisions of the gastrointestinal tract are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Mucosa: Epithelium, Lamina Propria, Muscularis Mucosae</li> <li>Submucosa: Loose areolar CT, Submucosal plexus</li> <li>Muscularis: Inner circularis mm, Outer Longitudinal mm, Myenteric Plexus</li> <li>Serosa/Adventitia: Loose areolar CT</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The submucosa in the gastrointestinal tract is made of loose areolar connective tissue and contains blood and lymph vessels, as well as the submucosal (Meisnner's) nerve plexus, which is part of the enteric nervous system (ENS).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the gastrointestinal tract, the serosa is also called the visceral peritoneum and is a serous membrane covered by serous fluid. It is composed of areolar connective tissue containing blood and lymph vessels, as well as a simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium). On the other hand, the adventitia is a fibrous connective tissue layer that attaches organs to surrounding structures and does not have a serous covering.</p> Signup and view all the answers