22 Questions
What are the two main components of a colloidal solution?
The dispersed phase and the dispersion medium.
What is the characteristic of the size of particles in a colloid?
They are too small to be individually seen with the naked eye.
How are colloids classified?
According to the state (solid, liquid or gas) of the dispersing medium and the dispersed phase.
What is the dispersed phase in a colloid?
The solute-like component or the dispersed particles.
What is the dispersion medium in a colloid?
The component in which the dispersed phase is suspended.
What is a characteristic of colloids in relation to heterogeneous mixtures?
They are heterogeneous mixtures.
What is the type of colloid formed when a solid is dispersed in a liquid?
Sol
What is the term for the physical properties of matter that can be observed and specified?
Physical properties
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
A physical change occurs without a change in chemical composition, while a chemical change involves a change in composition.
What is the type of colloid formed when a gas is dispersed in a solid?
Foam
What is the term for a mixture in which two or more substances are mixed together, but not chemically combined?
Mixture
What is the type of colloid formed when a liquid is dispersed in another liquid?
Emulsion
What is the basis for classifying substances as either elements or compounds?
Chemical composition
What is the type of colloid formed when a gas is dispersed in a liquid?
Foam
What is responsible for the scattering of light in the air?
The particles of dust and smoke in the air.
What is a suspension, and how does it differ from a solution?
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not dissolve but remain suspended throughout the bulk of the medium. It differs from a solution in that the particles are visible to the naked eye.
What is an example of a suspension, and what can be observed about its particles?
An example of a suspension is a mixture of water and milk. The particles of a suspension can be seen by the naked eye.
What is the Tyndall effect, and where can it be observed?
The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a medium. It can be observed when sunlight passes through the canopy of a dense forest, or in a mixture of water and milk.
What is a characteristic of colloids that distinguishes them from suspensions?
Colloids are big enough to scatter a beam of light passing through it and make its path visible, but they do not settle down when left undisturbed.
How can colloidal particles be separated from a mixture?
Colloidal particles can be separated from a mixture using a special technique of separation known as centrifugation.
What is a characteristic of colloids that makes them stable?
Colloids do not settle down when left undisturbed, making them stable.
Why can't colloidal particles be separated from a mixture using filtration?
Colloidal particles cannot be separated from a mixture using filtration because they are too small and pass through the filter.
Study Notes
Components of a Colloid
- A colloidal solution consists of two components: dispersed phase and dispersion medium.
- The dispersed phase is the solute-like component or dispersed particles in a colloid.
- The dispersion medium is the component in which the dispersed phase is suspended.
Properties of a Colloid
- A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture.
- The size of particles of a colloid is too small to be individually seen with naked eyes.
- Colloids are classified according to the state (solid, liquid, or gas) of the dispersing medium and the dispersed phase.
Types of Colloids
- Aerosol: liquid or solid dispersed in a gas (e.g., fog, clouds, mist, smoke, automobile exhaust)
- Foam: gas dispersed in a liquid (e.g., shaving cream)
- Emulsion: liquid dispersed in a liquid (e.g., milk, face cream)
- Sol: solid dispersed in a liquid (e.g., milk of magnesia, mud)
- Foam: gas dispersed in a solid (e.g., foam, rubber, sponge, pumice)
- Gel: liquid dispersed in a solid (e.g., jelly, cheese, butter)
- Solid Sol: solid dispersed in a solid (e.g., coloured gemstone, milky glass)
Physical and Chemical Changes
- Physical properties of matter can be observed and specified (e.g., colour, hardness, rigidity, fluidity, density, melting point, boiling point).
- Interconversion of states is a physical change because it occurs without a change in chemical composition.
- Substances can be classified as elements or compounds based on their chemical composition.
Suspensions
- A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not dissolve but remain suspended throughout the bulk of the medium.
- Particles of a suspension are visible to the naked eye.
- Suspension is a heterogeneous mixture.
Tyndall Effect
- The Tyndall effect can be observed when sunlight passes through a colloidal solution.
- Colloids are big enough to scatter a beam of light passing through it and make its path visible.
This quiz covers the basic components of a colloidal solution, including the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium. Learn about the properties and characteristics of colloidal solutions.
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