Collisions in One Dimension
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Questions and Answers

An elastic collision is one in which the total kinetic energy of the system is the same before and after the collision.

True

Inelastic collisions occur between atomic and subatomic particles.

False

Inelastic collisions can be perfectly silent.

False

A perfectly inelastic collision is one in which the colliding objects stick together after the collision.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision, both the momentum and kinetic energy of the system are conserved.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a typical problem involving elastic collisions, there are two unknown quantities that can be solved simultaneously.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Collisions involve physical contact between two macroscopic objects.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The term collision is only applicable to macroscopic objects.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The impulsive forces during a collision can vary in time in complicated ways.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The impulsive forces during a collision are external to the system of two particles.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: In any collision, the momentum of the system of two particles must be conserved.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Inelastic collisions conserve the total kinetic energy of the system of particles.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Equation 9.20 can be used in any collision situation involving two objects.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Equations 9.21 and 9.22 can be used to solve for the final velocities in terms of the initial velocities in an elastic collision.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: If two particles have equal masses, their final velocities will be equal after an elastic collision.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: If a very heavy particle collides with a very light particle that is initially at rest, the heavy particle will continue its motion unaltered after the collision.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: If particle 2 is initially at rest, then in Equations 9.21 and 9.22, v2i will be equal to 0.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: In a one-dimensional, elastic collision, the concept of conservation of momentum applies.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: In a one-dimensional, elastic collision, the concept of conservation of kinetic energy applies.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: In a one-dimensional, elastic collision, the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe an event during which two particles come close to each other and interact by means of forces?

<p>collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of collision is one in which the total kinetic energy of the system is conserved?

<p>elastic collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of collision is one in which the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved?

<p>inelastic collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a collision in which the colliding objects stick together after the collision?

<p>perfectly inelastic collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that states that the momentum of the system of two particles must be conserved in any collision?

<p>conservation of momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that states that the total kinetic energy of the system of particles may or may not be conserved, depending on the type of collision?

<p>conservation of kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Equation 9.18 obtained from Equation 9.17?

<p>By canceling the factor 1/2 and rearranging terms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation obtained by separating the terms containing m1 and m2 in Equation 9.16?

<p>m1(v1i^2 - v1f) = m2(v2f^2 - v2i)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation obtained by dividing Equation 9.18 by Equation 9.19?

<p>v1i + v1f = v2f + v2i</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Equation 9.20 used for?

<p>Solving problems dealing with elastic collisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the pair of Equations 9.16 and 9.20 easier to handle than the pair of Equations 9.16 and 9.17?

<p>Because there are no quadratic terms in Equation 9.17.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Equation 9.20 state about the relative velocities of the two particles before and after the collision?

<p>The relative velocity before the collision equals the negative of the relative velocity after the collision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the equations for the final velocities in terms of the initial velocities, mass 1, and mass 2?

<p>v1f = (m1<em>v1i + 2</em>m2<em>v2i)/(m1 + m2) and v2f = (2</em>m1<em>v1i + m2</em>v2i)/(m1 + m2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when particle 2 is initially at rest in an elastic collision?

<p>v2i = 0 and the equations for final velocities become v1f = (m1 - m2)/(m1 + m2)<em>v1i and v2f = (2</em>m1)/(m1 + m2)*v1i</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an elastic collision?

<p>An elastic collision is one in which the total kinetic energy (as well as total momentum) of the system is the same before and after the collision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a perfectly inelastic collision?

<p>A perfectly inelastic collision is one in which the colliding objects stick together after the collision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the final velocity in a perfectly inelastic collision?

<p>The final velocity in a perfectly inelastic collision can be calculated using the equation vf = (m1v1i + m2v2i) / (m1 + m2).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an elastic collision?

<p>An elastic collision is one in which both the momentum and kinetic energy of the system are conserved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the final velocities in an elastic collision?

<p>In an elastic collision, the final velocities can be calculated using the equations m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f and (1/2)m1v1i^2 + (1/2)m2v2i^2 = (1/2)m1v1f^2 + (1/2)m2v2f^2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of inelastic collisions?

<p>There are two types of inelastic collisions: perfectly inelastic collisions, where the colliding objects stick together, and inelastic collisions where some kinetic energy is transformed or transferred away.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following statements is true about elastic collisions?

<p>The total kinetic energy and momentum of the system are conserved</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of collision is one in which the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved?

<p>Inelastic collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that states that the momentum of the system of two particles must be conserved in any collision?

<p>Conservation of momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an elastic collision?

<p>A collision in which the total kinetic energy and momentum of the system are conserved</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a collision in which the colliding objects stick together after the collision?

<p>Perfectly inelastic collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a perfectly inelastic collision?

<p>A collision in which the colliding objects stick together after the collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of collision is one in which the total kinetic energy of the system is conserved?

<p>Elastic collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that states that the momentum of the system of two particles must be conserved in any collision?

<p>Conservation of momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: In a one-dimensional, elastic collision, the concept of conservation of kinetic energy applies.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an inelastic collision?

<p>A collision in which the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the equations for the final velocities in terms of the initial velocities, mass 1, and mass 2?

<p>$v_{1f} = rac{m_1 - m_2}{m_1 + m_2}v_{1i} + rac{2m_2}{m_1 + m_2}v_{2i}$ and $v_{2f} = rac{2m_1}{m_1 + m_2}v_{1i} + rac{m_2 - m_1}{m_1 + m_2}v_{2i}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The impulsive forces during a collision are external to the system of two particles.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equations can be used to solve problems dealing with elastic collisions?

<p>Equations 9.21 and 9.22</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Equation 9.20, what does v1i and v2i represent?

<p>The relative velocities of particle 1 and particle 2 before the collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

If m1 = m2, what can be concluded about the final velocities of the particles in an elastic collision?

<p>The final velocities will be equal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when particle 2 is initially at rest in an elastic collision?

<p>Particle 1 continues its motion unaltered</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the final velocity of particle 1 in a perfectly inelastic collision?

<p>$v_{1f} = rac{m_1}{m_1 + m_2}v_{1i} + rac{m_2}{m_1 + m_2}v_{2i}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that states that the momentum of the system of two particles must be conserved in any collision?

<p>Conservation of momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an inelastic collision?

<p>A collision in which the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a collision in which the colliding objects stick together after the collision?

<p>Perfectly inelastic collision</p> Signup and view all the answers

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