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College of Pharmacy Organic Chemistry Experiment 4: Distillation

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College of Pharmacy Organic Chemistry Experiment 4: Distillation

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of steam distillation?

To cool down the mixture

To increase the temperature of the mixture

To separate heat-sensitive components in a mixture (correct)

To increase the pressure of the mixture

How are vapours collected in the distillation process?

By decreasing the surrounding temperature

By cooling the mixture rapidly

By increasing the pressure around the mixture

By passing steam through the mixture (correct)

In vacuum distillation, why are high-purity samples obtained?

Because compounds decompose at high temperatures (correct)

Because compounds decompose at low temperatures

Due to increased temperature during distillation

Due to increased surrounding pressure

Why is steam used in steam distillation instead of direct heating?

Direct heating damages heat-sensitive components Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using fractional distillation?

To separate liquids with similar boiling points Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the vapour pressure of a component equals the surrounding pressure?

The component evaporates into a gas Signup and view all the answers

How does a fractionating column aid in fractional distillation?

By allowing for multiple vaporization-condensation cycles Signup and view all the answers

Why is vacuum distillation used for separating mixtures with very high boiling points?

To decrease the pressure in order to lower boiling temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of fractional distillation in industries?

Separating components of crude oil like gasoline and diesel Signup and view all the answers

How does fractional distillation compare to simple distillation in terms of effectiveness?

Fractional distillation is more effective when boiling points are close Signup and view all the answers

What role does a condenser play in the distillation process?

Condensing vapors back into liquid form for collection Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind distillation?

Difference in boiling points of liquids Signup and view all the answers

Which type of distillation involves heating the liquid mixture to its boiling point and immediately condensing the resulting vapors?

Simple distillation Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum difference in boiling points required for simple distillation to be effective?

25°C Signup and view all the answers

In the distillation process, which component evaporates faster if the boiling point difference is considerable?

The more volatile component Signup and view all the answers

How does a condenser contribute to the distillation process?

It aids in condensing the vapors back into liquid form Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of compounds can be effectively separated by simple distillation?

Acetone (boiling point 56°C) and Benzene (boiling point 80°C) Signup and view all the answers