Collective Knowledge Doctrine in Policing
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of an officer filing a false report or lying?

  • Termination (correct)
  • Immediate promotion
  • Award for creativity
  • Paid vacation

In what situations can an officer justify filing a false report or lying?

  • If they believe the suspect is guilty
  • When it benefits an ongoing investigation
  • When they were following orders (correct)
  • If it helps protect the department

What does adequate investigation demand from officers?

  • Bypassing the need for fair procedures
  • Ignoring reasonable leads
  • Properly investigating by gathering evidence and interviewing witnesses (correct)
  • Hiding evidence from the prosecutor

What type of evidence must officers disclose to the prosecutor?

<p>Exculpatory evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duty of a prosecutor according to Brady v. Maryland?

<p>To disclose all information to defense (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the level of intrusiveness in police conduct during searches?

<p>The level of trustworthiness of the information available to the officers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the Inevitable Discovery rule?

<p>To allow evidence obtained through lawful means even if officers initially erred. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation would evidence seized in violation of a search warrant not be admitted?

<p>If the initial discovery was through unconstitutional means. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Collateral Proceedings exception to the exclusionary rule differ from its application at trial?

<p>It permits using illegally obtained evidence to remove children from an unfit parent's custody. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Comm v. O’Connor case in relation to evidence found through a pat frisk?

<p>The case upheld the evidence found through a pat frisk due to the subsequent placement into protective custody. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What doctrine allows police officers to conduct a vehicle stop, make an arrest, or engage in a search based on collective knowledge?

<p>Collective Knowledge Doctrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Independent Source rule in relation to evidence obtained by officers?

<p>To allow legitimate evidence to stand even if it stemmed from an unconstitutional activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do officers primarily rely on during their observations and investigations?

<p>Visual, Olfactory, and Auditory Perception (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'inevitable discovery' impact the admissibility of evidence obtained through unlawful means?

<p>It allows for the admission of such evidence if it would have been discovered legally eventually. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario does the nature of an area become relevant according to the text?

<p>When it is a 'high crime' area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which legal case mentioned in the text involved gang detectives who failed to tie their observations to the area and activity being investigated?

<p>Comm v. Evelyn (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of activity may prompt officers to develop a Reasonable Suspicion (RS) according to the text?

<p>'Out of character' activities for a particular location (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances may an officer be reinstated after a suspension by POST?

<p>If retraining conditions have been completed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation was a detention upheld based on an officer observing an individual working on a motor vehicle in a motel parking lot late at night?

<p>'Comm v. Patti' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What standard of evidence does POST require to decertify or suspend an officer?

<p>Clear &amp; convincing evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the criteria for decertification or suspension of an officer related to repeated internal affairs complaints?

<p>Sustained complaints for different offenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended prior to making an arrest based on a warrant from the warrant management system?

<p>Checking the warrant management system to ensure the warrant is still valid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who has the authority to execute an arrest warrant in the Commonwealth?

<p>State troopers, sheriffs, and constables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of a warrant in the context of charging offenders with crimes?

<p>Increases the likelihood of arrest validity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for involuntary commitment according to Ch. 123 s. 12 of the Mental Health Emergency?

<p>Inability to protect self (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who issues a commitment order in an emergency situation?

<p>Clinician (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should officers take when a clinician has issued a commitment order?

<p>Transport the individual to a local facility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which category do street officers make the decision to take an Emotionally Disturbed Person (EDP) into custody?

<p>Category 3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should officers do if exigent circumstances make consulting with a clinician impractical?

<p>Force entry into the home (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why may officers enter a private home to place an EDP into protective custody?

<p>On the orders of a clinician (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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