Collaborative Care in Mental Health Services
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of the collaborative approach?

  • Reduces communication issues
  • Develops expertise within a small group
  • Acknowledges the need for close cooperation
  • Uses existing infrastructure (correct)

    • What has been the trend over the last 20 years in responding to dual diagnosis?

  • Variable focus on responding to dual diagnosis
  • Less focus on responding to dual diagnosis
  • No change in responding to dual diagnosis
  • More focus on responding to dual diagnosis (correct)

    • What is a disadvantage of the collaborative approach?

  • Develops expertise within a small group
  • Uses existing infrastructure
  • Acknowledges the need for close cooperation
  • Communication issues (correct)

    • What is a characteristic of the integrated approach?

    <p>Develops expertise within a small group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been the focus of national and state funding in response to dual diagnosis?

    <p>Providing guidelines and support for services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current priority in responding to dual diagnosis?

    <p>Response within mental health systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the sequential model of treatment?

    <p>One disorder is treated before the other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of the parallel model of treatment?

    <p>It allows for simultaneous treatment of both disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the parallel model of treatment?

    <p>Treatments may be mistimed or act in conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a specialized dual diagnosis service?

    <p>It is a coordinated service that treats both disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might research on causal relationships be unclear?

    <p>Research provides no clear answer on causal relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge of the sequential model of treatment?

    <p>Difficulty in determining if the disorders are separate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of the parallel model of treatment?

    <p>Little information is shared between services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of a specialized dual diagnosis service?

    <p>It provides comprehensive care for both disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dual diagnosis?

    <p>The condition of suffering from a mental illness and a comorbid substance use disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does co-morbidity/co-occurrence refer to?

    <p>Two or more health problems, including medical, mental health, alcohol, and drug issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is heterotypic?

    <p>Two different classes of mental disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is concurrent?

    <p>Two or more disorders present at the same time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a subsyndromal or partial disorder?

    <p>Individuals who display a number of symptoms of a disorder but do not meet criteria for a diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a mental health disorder and a substance use disorder in dual diagnosis?

    <p>One is a complication of the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term dual diagnosis refer to in a health setting?

    <p>A relationship between two health problems, where one is complicating the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the continuum of disorders?

    <p>A range of disorders from mild to severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason people use depressant drugs as a form of self-medication?

    <p>To alleviate anxiety symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the use of stimulant drugs as a form of self-medication for depression?

    <p>Pick me up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of individuals with a history of trauma are likely to use opiates and sedatives to manage chronic emotional pain?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an intermediary factor that influences AOD use?

    <p>Unemployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a shared risk factor that increases the risk of both AOD and mental health conditions?

    <p>Lower socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand the causal relationship between AOD use and mental health conditions?

    <p>To develop effective treatment strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of dual diagnosis for individuals?

    <p>Greater severity of disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge faced by individuals with a dual diagnosis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proposed link between cannabis and psychosis?

    <p>Cannabis may precipitate psychotic episodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of alcohol on negative symptoms in psychosis?

    <p>Alcohol worsens negative symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential effect of stimulants on psychosis?

    <p>Stimulants directly cause psychotic episodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of amphetamine psychosis?

    <p>A brief psychotic reaction that may last for several weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dopamine hypothesis of psychosis?

    <p>A model that links schizophrenia to disrupted and hyperactive dopaminergic signal transduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of poly drug use?

    <p>A simulation of Bipolar Affective Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of stimulant-induced psychosis?

    <p>Formication, or feeling of bugs under the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of cannabis use on mental health?

    <p>An increase in the risk of hospitalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dual Diagnosis

    • Dual diagnosis, also known as co-occurring disorders (COD), refers to the condition of suffering from a mental illness and a comorbid substance use disorder.
    • Dual diagnosis is common, with a high prevalence of dual diagnosis clients in all services.

    Collaborative and Integrated Approaches

    • Collaborative approach: uses existing infrastructure, acknowledges the need for close cooperation, and utilizes each other's expertise.
    • Disadvantages of collaborative approach: communication issues and differing treatment service goals and priorities.
    • Integrated approach: develops expertise within a small group within the service, providing comprehensive care.

    Definition and Characteristics

    • Co-morbidity/co-occurrence: refers to two or more health problems, including medical, mental health, alcohol and drug, intellectual impairment, etc.
    • Heterotypic: refers to two different classes of mental disorders (e.g., mental health and drug use).
    • Homotypic: refers to two disorders within the same class (e.g., phobia and OCD; alcohol and cannabis dependence).
    • Concurrent: two or more disorders present at the same time.
    • Successive: disorders occur at different times in the person's life.

    Cannabis and Psychosis

    • Cannabis use is hypothesized to precipitate psychotic episodes, but the evidence is still debated in literature.
    • Synthetic cannabis is a largely unknown area, but anecdotal reports are concerning.

    Other Substances and Mental Health

    • Alcohol: worsens negative symptoms, affects treatment, and increases relapse rates.
    • Stimulants: may directly cause psychotic episodes, leading to amphetamine psychosis.
    • Formication (bugs under skin) and stereotypy (repeated behaviors) are associated with stimulant use.

    Poly Drug Use and Mental Health

    • Poly drug use can simulate bipolar affective disorder.
    • Uppers and downers cycle can lead to mental health problems.

    How Mental Health Can Cause A&D Problems

    • Depressant drugs used as self-medication for anxiety symptoms.
    • Stimulant drugs used as self-medication for depression.
    • Pain-relieving drugs used to manage chronic emotional pain/trauma.

    Intermediary Factor and Shared Risk Factors

    • Intermediary factor: indirect causal relationship between mental health and AOD use.
    • Shared risk factors: lower socioeconomic status, cognitive impairment, conduct disorder in childhood, and antisocial personality disorder.

    Causality and Concerns

    • Causality is important in understanding the relationship between mental health and AOD use.
    • Dual diagnosis is of concern due to greater severity of disorders, loss of support networks, poorer self-care, and legal issues.

    Research Perspective and Treatment Models

    • Research provides no clear answer on causal relationships.
    • Treatment models include sequential, parallel, and specialized dual diagnosis services, each with advantages and disadvantages.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the advantages and disadvantages of collaborative care in mental health services, including the use of existing infrastructure, shared expertise, and cooperative goals.

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