Collaboration in History

Collaboration in History

• Collaboration means when a group of people work together to achieve a common goal.
• Example: Women's suffrage movement in Britain in 1832, where women fought for their voting rights.
• The suffragettes used different methods to achieve their goals, including violent methods (bombs, chaining themselves on walls, destroying cars and houses) and later non-violent methods (writing petitions, organizing peaceful protests).
• Other examples of collaboration in history include the independence movement, e.g. American independence movement and Nigerian independence movements.

The Arab Spring

• The Arab Spring was a series of uprisings that started in Tunisia in 2010 and continued through 2011.
• The major cause of the Arab Spring was the self-immolation of Mohammed Bouazizi, a Tunisian vegetable seller, in response to unfair treatment by a municipal official.
• Other causes of the Arab Spring include unemployment, corruption, and human right violations.
• Countries affected by the Arab Spring include Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Bahrain, Egypt, and other countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
• Protesters used social media, such as Facebook, to spread information.
• The impact of the Arab Spring was a change of governments, with many rulers in the Middle East and North Africa being overthrown, e.g. Hosni Mubarak in Egypt, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in Tunisia, and Muammar Gaddafi in Libya.

Women's Suffrage Movement

• Suffrage means the right to vote and be voted for in an election.
• Suffragettes were a group of women fighting for their voting rights.
• In the 19th century, women in Britain and the US were regarded as men's property, with no right to vote, freedom of movement, or property ownership.
• Key figures in the women's suffrage movement in Britain include Emmeline Pankhurst, who founded the Women's Social and Political Union, and her children Sylvia Pankhurst, Christabel Pankhurst, and Adela Pankhurst.
• Methods used by the suffragettes included chaining themselves on vehicles, burning of houses and vehicles, hunger strikes, writing petitions, and lobbying.
• Sylvia Pankhurst also founded the East London Federation of Suffragettes and a newspaper called the Woman's Dreadnought.