Cold War in the Americas (1945-1981)

The principle that the U.S. should actively prevent the spread of communism, primarily through military and economic means.

A policy that offered military and economic aid to countries threatened by communist expansion, aiming to prevent them from falling under communist control.

The U.S. policy of using nuclear weapons and covert operations to deter communist expansion and influence.

A period of intense anti-communist suspicion and persecution in the U.S. characterized by Senator Joseph McCarthy's accusations of communist infiltration in government and society.

The Korean War, fought between North and South Korea from 1950 to 1953, saw the U.S. and its allies engage in a major conflict against communist North Korea.

The U.S. involvement in the Korean War was justified as part of the larger effort to contain communism, aligning with the Truman Doctrine.

The New Look policy focused on nuclear deterrence as a primary deterrent, with the use of nuclear weapons as a threat to discourage communist aggression.

Covert operations were employed to undermine or overthrow communist movements and leaders in Latin America, reflecting the U.S. commitment to preventing the spread of communism.

The U.S. government's program aimed at fostering economic development in Latin America to counter Soviet influence. It involved providing financial and technical aid to support social and economic progress.

The U.S. government's policy of using covert operations to influence or overthrow governments deemed hostile to U.S. interests. This involved supporting right-wing dictatorships and hindering democratic processes.

A significant event in U.S.-Latin American relations. The 1977 treaty aimed to transfer control of the Panama Canal back to Panama, ending a century of U.S. control.

The U.S. government's involvement in the Vietnam War, a major Cold War battleground. This involved providing military aid, troops, and logistic support to South Vietnam to counter the communist North.

The global conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union during the 20th century. It involved ideological, political, and military rivalry.

A war fought in Vietnam from 1955 to 1975, dividing the country into communist North Vietnam and the US-backed South Vietnam. It was a major battleground in the Cold War.

The actions of the U.S. government to influence political events and systems in Latin America during the Cold War, often controversial and shaping the relationship with the region.

A United States foreign policy strategy implemented after World War II, aimed at preventing the spread of communism, particularly in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.

The Korean War (1950-1953) was a conflict between North Korea, supported by the Soviet Union and China, and South Korea, backed by the United States and the United Nations.

A United States foreign policy developed during the Eisenhower administration, emphasizing nuclear weapons and a strong military presence to deter communist threats.

A period of emphasizing human rights and seeking peaceful settlements of international disputes, marked by Carter's presidency.

A policy established by President Truman in 1947 to provide economic and military aid to countries threatened by communism.

The impact of the Cold War on Latin America, such as US intervention, political instability, and economic development.

The specific policies and actions taken by President Truman to implement his containment strategy.

The impact of McCarthyism in the US and on relations with Latin America.

A series of covert actions by the Nixon administration that led to the overthrow of the democratically elected Chilean government in 1973, aiming to prevent the rise of a socialist government.

President Carter's emphasis on upholding human rights in U.S. foreign policy, leading to pressure on authoritarian regimes in Latin America and a shift away from solely focusing on anti-communism.

The Cold War significantly impacted domestic politics in nations, leading to increased nationalism, anxieties about communism, and government interventions in various spheres.

The Cold War policy decisions made by nations had international consequences, shaping regional alliances, influencing international relations, and contributing to the broader geopolitical landscape.

A U.S. foreign policy strategy during the Cold War that emphasized the use of nuclear weapons and covert operations to deter Soviet aggression. It aimed to fight communism through military and political means.

The New Look policy focused on a strong nuclear deterrent to prevent communist expansion. It also supported covert operations to overthrow unfriendly governments.

The New Look policy led to increased U.S. involvement in covert operations in Latin America. It encouraged the U.S. to intervene in Guatemala and Cuba to prevent the spread of communism. Though not always successful, it showed the U.S. commitment to containing communism anywhere in the world.

The New Look policy, with its focus on interventionism, strained relations with Latin American countries. Many saw the U.S. interference as imperialistic and a threat to their sovereignty. The policy also contributed to the perception of the U.S. as a bully in the region.

The Vietnam War (1955-1975) was a major Cold War conflict where the United States supported South Vietnam against the communist North. The U.S. believed it was crucial to prevent communism from spreading in Southeast Asia.

Canada, unlike the U.S., chose not to support the Vietnam War. It felt the conflict was too costly and morally problematic. This stance fostered anti-war sentiment in Canada and affected its foreign policy, making it seek a more independent path on the world stage.

Latin American countries had mixed reactions to the U.S. involvement in Vietnam. Some countries, influenced by the Cold War ideology, supported the U.S. However, others criticized the U.S. actions, seeing them as unnecessary intervention. Widespread protests against the Vietnam War emerged throughout Latin America, fueled by anti-war sentiment and a sense of solidarity with the Vietnamese people.

The Vietnam War deepened the existing tensions between the U.S. and Latin America. The war's unpopularity in Latin America led to a rise in anti-American sentiment and a growing sense of independence and autonomy. This ultimately pushed Latin American countries to pursue a more assertive and independent foreign policy.