Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the underlying rationale behind the Marshall Plan during the Cold War era?
Which of the following best describes the underlying rationale behind the Marshall Plan during the Cold War era?
- To facilitate the repatriation of refugees displaced by World War II to their countries of origin.
- To establish military alliances with Western European nations against potential Soviet aggression.
- To promote free and fair elections in Eastern European countries previously under Soviet influence.
- To foster economic stability in Western Europe, thereby reducing the appeal of communism. (correct)
How did NSC-68 fundamentally reshape American Cold War strategy, contrasting it with earlier approaches?
How did NSC-68 fundamentally reshape American Cold War strategy, contrasting it with earlier approaches?
- By recommending a massive expansion of military capabilities and a more assertive stance against Soviet expansion. (correct)
- By calling for a significant decrease in military spending to focus on domestic social programs.
- By advocating for a policy of détente and peaceful coexistence with the Soviet Union.
- By prioritizing diplomatic negotiations and international cooperation through the United Nations.
Considering the historical context, what was the primary significance of the Truman Doctrine in shaping early Cold War dynamics?
Considering the historical context, what was the primary significance of the Truman Doctrine in shaping early Cold War dynamics?
- It prioritized arms control negotiations with the Soviet Union to reduce the risk of nuclear war.
- It established a framework for international cooperation through the United Nations to address global economic challenges.
- It committed the United States to providing financial and military aid to nations resisting communist threats, marking a significant expansion of American foreign policy. (correct)
- It signaled a retreat from interventionist foreign policies, advocating for neutrality in international conflicts.
Which of the following describes a key difference between the policy of containment as advocated by George Kennan and the later Eisenhower Doctrine?
Which of the following describes a key difference between the policy of containment as advocated by George Kennan and the later Eisenhower Doctrine?
In what way did the "Fall of China" in 1949 influence the trajectory of the Cold War, particularly concerning US foreign policy?
In what way did the "Fall of China" in 1949 influence the trajectory of the Cold War, particularly concerning US foreign policy?
What critical challenge did the US face in implementing its containment policy during the Cold War?
What critical challenge did the US face in implementing its containment policy during the Cold War?
Considering the long-term implications, how did the policy of containment shape the geopolitical landscape of the post-World War II era?
Considering the long-term implications, how did the policy of containment shape the geopolitical landscape of the post-World War II era?
What was the main departure in foreign policy from the aftermath of World War I to the Cold War period?
What was the main departure in foreign policy from the aftermath of World War I to the Cold War period?
What critical assessment can be made regarding the policy of containment's effectiveness during the Cold War?
What critical assessment can be made regarding the policy of containment's effectiveness during the Cold War?
What was the main significance of the US military engagements in Korea during the Cold War?
What was the main significance of the US military engagements in Korea during the Cold War?
Which of the following best describes what the Marshall Plan aimed to do?
Which of the following best describes what the Marshall Plan aimed to do?
What was the main focus of the Eisenhower Doctrine?
What was the main focus of the Eisenhower Doctrine?
What type of governments was the US against after the events of WW1?
What type of governments was the US against after the events of WW1?
What was the primary focus of George Kennan's strategy regarding the Soviet Union?
What was the primary focus of George Kennan's strategy regarding the Soviet Union?
What type of confrontation varied during the Cold War?
What type of confrontation varied during the Cold War?
How did the US involvement in the Korean War reflect a shift in American foreign policy during the Cold War?
How did the US involvement in the Korean War reflect a shift in American foreign policy during the Cold War?
Which of the following best assesses the long-term impact of CIA operations in Latin America during the Cold War?
Which of the following best assesses the long-term impact of CIA operations in Latin America during the Cold War?
Considering the context of the Cold War, how did the concept of 'détente' challenge the prevailing ideological confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union?
Considering the context of the Cold War, how did the concept of 'détente' challenge the prevailing ideological confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union?
In what way did President Eisenhower's 'New Look' military strategy represent a significant departure from the military policies of the Truman administration?
In what way did President Eisenhower's 'New Look' military strategy represent a significant departure from the military policies of the Truman administration?
What critical tension existed between the principles espoused in George Washington's farewell address and the formation of NATO?
What critical tension existed between the principles espoused in George Washington's farewell address and the formation of NATO?
How did the Space Race between the US and the USSR impact domestic policies and societal priorities in the United States?
How did the Space Race between the US and the USSR impact domestic policies and societal priorities in the United States?
Considering the ideological underpinnings of the Cold War, how did the US efforts to promote democracy contrast with the Soviet Union's promotion of communism?
Considering the ideological underpinnings of the Cold War, how did the US efforts to promote democracy contrast with the Soviet Union's promotion of communism?
What critical challenge did the US face in attempting to reconcile its democratic ideals with its support for authoritarian regimes during the Cold War?
What critical challenge did the US face in attempting to reconcile its democratic ideals with its support for authoritarian regimes during the Cold War?
How did the Warsaw Pact serve as a strategic tool for the Soviet Union during the Cold War era?
How did the Warsaw Pact serve as a strategic tool for the Soviet Union during the Cold War era?
What was a lasting effect of the US policy of 'massive retaliation' during the Eisenhower administration?
What was a lasting effect of the US policy of 'massive retaliation' during the Eisenhower administration?
How did President Kennedy's 'flexible response' strategy differ from Eisenhower's 'massive retaliation'?
How did President Kennedy's 'flexible response' strategy differ from Eisenhower's 'massive retaliation'?
Considering the principles of capitalism and communism, how did the economic competition between the US and the USSR manifest during the Cold War?
Considering the principles of capitalism and communism, how did the economic competition between the US and the USSR manifest during the Cold War?
What critical assessment can be made regarding the impact of the 'military-industrial complex' on US society during the Cold War era?
What critical assessment can be made regarding the impact of the 'military-industrial complex' on US society during the Cold War era?
What was the main goal of CIA operations in Latin America during the Cold War?
What was the main goal of CIA operations in Latin America during the Cold War?
Which international organization authorized the US to intervene in the Korean War?
Which international organization authorized the US to intervene in the Korean War?
Which of these presidents created the doctrine to contain communism?
Which of these presidents created the doctrine to contain communism?
What was the purpose of the Warsaw Pact?
What was the purpose of the Warsaw Pact?
Which US President advocated for 'massive retaliation' as a military strategy?
Which US President advocated for 'massive retaliation' as a military strategy?
What was a shared goal of both the Marshall Plan and the Truman Doctrine in the early Cold War era?
What was a shared goal of both the Marshall Plan and the Truman Doctrine in the early Cold War era?
In what way did the Bretton Woods Conference aim to reshape the post-World War II global order?
In what way did the Bretton Woods Conference aim to reshape the post-World War II global order?
In what way did the GI Bill influence American society after World War II?
In what way did the GI Bill influence American society after World War II?
What was the primary objective of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as established at the Bretton Woods Conference?
What was the primary objective of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as established at the Bretton Woods Conference?
What was the primary significance of the U-2 Spy Plane Incident in 1960?
What was the primary significance of the U-2 Spy Plane Incident in 1960?
How did the domestic containment policies during the Cold War differ significantly from the broader foreign policy strategy of containment?
How did the domestic containment policies during the Cold War differ significantly from the broader foreign policy strategy of containment?
What was a key impact of the McCarran Act of 1950 on civil liberties in the United States?
What was a key impact of the McCarran Act of 1950 on civil liberties in the United States?
In what way did HUAC's activities reflect broader Cold War anxieties within American society?
In what way did HUAC's activities reflect broader Cold War anxieties within American society?
How did the Rosenberg case contribute to the atmosphere of fear and suspicion during the Cold War?
How did the Rosenberg case contribute to the atmosphere of fear and suspicion during the Cold War?
What was a lasting consequence of the domestic anti-communist measures taken during the Cold War?
What was a lasting consequence of the domestic anti-communist measures taken during the Cold War?
What factor significantly contributed to Senator Joseph McCarthy's decline in political influence?
What factor significantly contributed to Senator Joseph McCarthy's decline in political influence?
How did the addition of 'Under God' to the Pledge of Allegiance reflect the concerns of the Red Scare era?
How did the addition of 'Under God' to the Pledge of Allegiance reflect the concerns of the Red Scare era?
How did the GI Bill contribute to the social climate during the Red Scare?
How did the GI Bill contribute to the social climate during the Red Scare?
In what way did Arthur Miller's play "The Crucible" serve as social commentary during the Red Scare?
In what way did Arthur Miller's play "The Crucible" serve as social commentary during the Red Scare?
What role did television play in the decline of McCarthyism?
What role did television play in the decline of McCarthyism?
How did the Red Scare influence the development of the Interstate Highway System?
How did the Red Scare influence the development of the Interstate Highway System?
Why did Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations target the U.S. Army?
Why did Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations target the U.S. Army?
What was the main focus of HUAC's investigations during the Red Scare in Hollywood?
What was the main focus of HUAC's investigations during the Red Scare in Hollywood?
How did the Red Scare affect scientific and technological advancements in the US?
How did the Red Scare affect scientific and technological advancements in the US?
How did the expansion of the service sector after 1945 primarily impact the American workforce?
How did the expansion of the service sector after 1945 primarily impact the American workforce?
What was a significant factor that drove the increase in consumerism and productivity in the American economy after World War II?
What was a significant factor that drove the increase in consumerism and productivity in the American economy after World War II?
In what way did the GI Bill contribute to long-term economic growth in the United States after World War II?
In what way did the GI Bill contribute to long-term economic growth in the United States after World War II?
What was the primary motivation behind the construction of the Interstate Highway System?
What was the primary motivation behind the construction of the Interstate Highway System?
How did federal aid to education, particularly the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) of 1958, influence technological advancements during the Cold War?
How did federal aid to education, particularly the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) of 1958, influence technological advancements during the Cold War?
Which factor primarily contributed to the rapid suburbanization and the growth of developments like Levittown after World War II?
Which factor primarily contributed to the rapid suburbanization and the growth of developments like Levittown after World War II?
How did technological developments in aerospace and electronics impact the American economy during the Cold War?
How did technological developments in aerospace and electronics impact the American economy during the Cold War?
What was a significant outcome of the mechanization and consolidation of agriculture (agribusiness) after World War II?
What was a significant outcome of the mechanization and consolidation of agriculture (agribusiness) after World War II?
In what way did the proliferation of television sets and advertising impact American society and the economy in the 1950s and 1960s?
In what way did the proliferation of television sets and advertising impact American society and the economy in the 1950s and 1960s?
What was a significant consequence of the increased social mobility and migration to the Sun Belt region after World War II?
What was a significant consequence of the increased social mobility and migration to the Sun Belt region after World War II?
What was an economic effect of the Cold War related to the “military industrial complex”?
What was an economic effect of the Cold War related to the “military industrial complex”?
What was a direct effect from the creation and use of credit cards?
What was a direct effect from the creation and use of credit cards?
How did the consolidation and mechanization of agribusiness affect the middle class population?
How did the consolidation and mechanization of agribusiness affect the middle class population?
What made the expansion of higher education and new technologies after the war possible?
What made the expansion of higher education and new technologies after the war possible?
What sector saw an increase in job availability after 1945?
What sector saw an increase in job availability after 1945?
What contributed to increased productivity and consumption after World War II?
What contributed to increased productivity and consumption after World War II?
What was a key reason for the development of the Interstate Highway System?
What was a key reason for the development of the Interstate Highway System?
Which factor significantly contributed to the baby boom after World War II?
Which factor significantly contributed to the baby boom after World War II?
What technological development rapidly changed business and personal lives in the 1970s?
What technological development rapidly changed business and personal lives in the 1970s?
Which region in the US emerged as a significant political and economic force?
Which region in the US emerged as a significant political and economic force?
What industry experienced consolidation and mechanization after World War II?
What industry experienced consolidation and mechanization after World War II?
What was the main reason to provide federal aid to education?
What was the main reason to provide federal aid to education?
What type of homes became common due to increased housing demand?
What type of homes became common due to increased housing demand?
What did the GI Bill make more affordable?
What did the GI Bill make more affordable?
What federal investment related to the Cold War involved missiles and bombers?
What federal investment related to the Cold War involved missiles and bombers?
What technology was spurred by the Space Race and Arms Race?
What technology was spurred by the Space Race and Arms Race?
What led to a rise in housing demand and the growth of suburbs?
What led to a rise in housing demand and the growth of suburbs?
What increased during the post World War II era?
What increased during the post World War II era?
What was a significant economic effect of the population boom in the Sun Belt region?
What was a significant economic effect of the population boom in the Sun Belt region?
The growth of the Sun Belt region influenced the American economy and politics after 1945. What describes one way it influenced politics?
The growth of the Sun Belt region influenced the American economy and politics after 1945. What describes one way it influenced politics?
What factor primarily contributed to the rapid expansion of the entertainment industry within the Sun Belt region?
What factor primarily contributed to the rapid expansion of the entertainment industry within the Sun Belt region?
Which of the following best describes 'social mobility' as it relates to the post-1945 era?
Which of the following best describes 'social mobility' as it relates to the post-1945 era?
How did the GI Bill primarily contribute to the increase in social mobility after World War II?
How did the GI Bill primarily contribute to the increase in social mobility after World War II?
Besides the GI Bill, which factor most directly enabled increased social mobility in the years following World War II?
Besides the GI Bill, which factor most directly enabled increased social mobility in the years following World War II?
What was a defining characteristic of the suburban communities that emerged, such as Levittown, after World War II?
What was a defining characteristic of the suburban communities that emerged, such as Levittown, after World War II?
How did the rise of suburban communities like Levittown affect societal attitudes during the post-World War II era?
How did the rise of suburban communities like Levittown affect societal attitudes during the post-World War II era?
Which group most likely supported the growth of suburban communities like Levittown?
Which group most likely supported the growth of suburban communities like Levittown?
What was an environmental critique associated with the suburban expansion of the post-World War II era?
What was an environmental critique associated with the suburban expansion of the post-World War II era?
What was a negative impact on society from suburbanization?
What was a negative impact on society from suburbanization?
Which of the following artistic works critiqued the conformity of the 1950s?
Which of the following artistic works critiqued the conformity of the 1950s?
What describes one way the rebellious youth expressed their opinion of suburbanization?
What describes one way the rebellious youth expressed their opinion of suburbanization?
What persistent social issue continued to affect American society despite the economic prosperity and social changes of the post-World War II era?
What persistent social issue continued to affect American society despite the economic prosperity and social changes of the post-World War II era?
Which factor facilitated the migration of jobs to the Southern states after World War II?
Which factor facilitated the migration of jobs to the Southern states after World War II?
What contributed to the south becoming the destination for growing electronics, technology and military defense industries?
What contributed to the south becoming the destination for growing electronics, technology and military defense industries?
What could describe suburbs?
What could describe suburbs?
What was a key difference between the supporters and opponents of suburbia?
What was a key difference between the supporters and opponents of suburbia?
What underlying assumption could cause someone to dislike suburbia?
What underlying assumption could cause someone to dislike suburbia?
How were the ideals of the GI Bill at odds with the realities for many African Americans after World War II?
How were the ideals of the GI Bill at odds with the realities for many African Americans after World War II?
What was a defining characteristic of the "Company Men" during the Age of Conformity?
What was a defining characteristic of the "Company Men" during the Age of Conformity?
Which of these is the most accurate description of the traditional gender roles during the Age of Conformity?
Which of these is the most accurate description of the traditional gender roles during the Age of Conformity?
During the Age of Conformity, which musical genre, rooted in rhythm and blues, gained prominence and challenged traditional norms?
During the Age of Conformity, which musical genre, rooted in rhythm and blues, gained prominence and challenged traditional norms?
Which of the following best characterizes the role of television and media during the Age of Conformity?
Which of the following best characterizes the role of television and media during the Age of Conformity?
What was a significant driver of increased consumerism during the Age of Conformity?
What was a significant driver of increased consumerism during the Age of Conformity?
Which of these leisure activities saw a surge in popularity during the Age of Conformity?
Which of these leisure activities saw a surge in popularity during the Age of Conformity?
Which trend exemplified the standardization of American culture during the Age of Conformity?
Which trend exemplified the standardization of American culture during the Age of Conformity?
Which post-war societal aspect perpetuated gender roles, reflecting the "Age of Conformity?"
Which post-war societal aspect perpetuated gender roles, reflecting the "Age of Conformity?"
Aside from television, what other form of entertainment significantly contributed to the homogenization of culture during the Age of Conformity?
Aside from television, what other form of entertainment significantly contributed to the homogenization of culture during the Age of Conformity?
How did the rise of suburban shopping centers impact local economies during the Age of Conformity?
How did the rise of suburban shopping centers impact local economies during the Age of Conformity?
Despite the emphasis on conformity, which of the following movements challenged societal norms during the Age of Conformity?
Despite the emphasis on conformity, which of the following movements challenged societal norms during the Age of Conformity?
In what way did the introduction of credit cards reshape consumer behavior during the Age of Conformity?
In what way did the introduction of credit cards reshape consumer behavior during the Age of Conformity?
What was the primary impact of the popularization of TV dinners on family dynamics during the Age of Conformity?
What was the primary impact of the popularization of TV dinners on family dynamics during the Age of Conformity?
What did the prevalence of shopping centers during the Age of Conformity suggest about societal values?
What did the prevalence of shopping centers during the Age of Conformity suggest about societal values?
What might someone living through the Age of Conformity criticize about Tupperware parties?
What might someone living through the Age of Conformity criticize about Tupperware parties?
What was a major difference in approach between the Civil Rights Movement and LBJ’s Great Society?
What was a major difference in approach between the Civil Rights Movement and LBJ’s Great Society?
Consider the slogan "one nation under God." What does this imply about the role of religion during the Age of Conformity?
Consider the slogan "one nation under God." What does this imply about the role of religion during the Age of Conformity?
Which of the following best describes the shared goal of the artists, intellectuals, and rebellious youth who challenged the "Age of Conformity?"
Which of the following best describes the shared goal of the artists, intellectuals, and rebellious youth who challenged the "Age of Conformity?"
How did the art of Jackson Pollock and other abstract expressionists reflect a challenge to the "Age of Conformity?"
How did the art of Jackson Pollock and other abstract expressionists reflect a challenge to the "Age of Conformity?"
What was a primary critique made by economist John Kenneth Galbraith regarding American society during the "Age of Conformity?"
What was a primary critique made by economist John Kenneth Galbraith regarding American society during the "Age of Conformity?"
In what way did the "Beatniks" challenge the societal norms of the "Age of Conformity?"
In what way did the "Beatniks" challenge the societal norms of the "Age of Conformity?"
How did the Civil Rights activists challenge the "Age of Conformity?"
How did the Civil Rights activists challenge the "Age of Conformity?"
Which author is most associated with the Beatnik movement and is famous for writing the novel, On the Road?
Which author is most associated with the Beatnik movement and is famous for writing the novel, On the Road?
How did Roy Lichtenstein's art, featuring comic strip scenes, critique or engage with the prevailing culture during the "Age of Conformity?"
How did Roy Lichtenstein's art, featuring comic strip scenes, critique or engage with the prevailing culture during the "Age of Conformity?"
What core tenet differentiated the burgeoning Hippie counter-culture from the "Age of Conformity?"
What core tenet differentiated the burgeoning Hippie counter-culture from the "Age of Conformity?"
David Riesman, in his critique of conformity, identified what specific characteristic as driving individuals' behaviors during the "Age of Conformity?"
David Riesman, in his critique of conformity, identified what specific characteristic as driving individuals' behaviors during the "Age of Conformity?"
What legal precedent did the Montgomery Bus Boycott directly challenge?
What legal precedent did the Montgomery Bus Boycott directly challenge?
What key impact did the murder of Emmett Till have on the Civil Rights Movement?
What key impact did the murder of Emmett Till have on the Civil Rights Movement?
Which action by Rosa Parks is most directly associated with the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
Which action by Rosa Parks is most directly associated with the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
How did the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960 primarily aim to address racial discrimination?
How did the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960 primarily aim to address racial discrimination?
What was the primary reason for US involvement in Latin America during the Cold War?
What was the primary reason for US involvement in Latin America during the Cold War?
Which of the following describes the main purpose of the Peace Corps?
Which of the following describes the main purpose of the Peace Corps?
What was the main idea behind the Alliance for Progress?
What was the main idea behind the Alliance for Progress?
What concern did President Eisenhower express in his farewell address regarding the military-industrial complex?
What concern did President Eisenhower express in his farewell address regarding the military-industrial complex?
What concept is reflected in 'massive retaliation' and 'brinkmanship'?
What concept is reflected in 'massive retaliation' and 'brinkmanship'?
What event demonstrated the limitations of nuclear deterrence as a foreign policy tool?
What event demonstrated the limitations of nuclear deterrence as a foreign policy tool?
What was Robert McNamara's role in the US government during the Cold War?
What was Robert McNamara's role in the US government during the Cold War?
What was an issue that arose from decolonization and nationalist movements in Africa and the Middle East?
What was an issue that arose from decolonization and nationalist movements in Africa and the Middle East?
What was the main goal of the CIA-engineered coup in Iran in 1953?
What was the main goal of the CIA-engineered coup in Iran in 1953?
What motivated Britain, France, and Israel to invade Egypt in 1956?
What motivated Britain, France, and Israel to invade Egypt in 1956?
What was the significance of the formation of OPEC in 1960?
What was the significance of the formation of OPEC in 1960?
Which of these actions was part of the Eisenhower Doctrine of 1957?
Which of these actions was part of the Eisenhower Doctrine of 1957?
What was a consequence of the Yom Kippur War in 1973?
What was a consequence of the Yom Kippur War in 1973?
According to the teachings of MLK, what was more important than any material thing?
According to the teachings of MLK, what was more important than any material thing?
What critical factor led to the formation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?
What critical factor led to the formation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?
What event led to Iranian people's deep seated resentment of America?
What event led to Iranian people's deep seated resentment of America?
What was the primary reason that most of the colonizations by Great Britain occurred on the continent of Africa.
What was the primary reason that most of the colonizations by Great Britain occurred on the continent of Africa.
Flashcards
Policy of Containment
Policy of Containment
US policy to prevent the spread of communism through economic and military means.
Truman Doctrine
Truman Doctrine
Financial support to Greece and Turkey to resist communist influence.
Marshall Plan
Marshall Plan
Economic aid to Western European nations to rebuild and resist communism.
George Kennan
George Kennan
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"Fall of China"
"Fall of China"
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NSC-68
NSC-68
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Eisenhower Doctrine
Eisenhower Doctrine
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Cold War (1945-1980)
Cold War (1945-1980)
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Cold War Fluctuation
Cold War Fluctuation
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Post-WW1 Foreign Policy Shift
Post-WW1 Foreign Policy Shift
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NSC-68 Recommendations
NSC-68 Recommendations
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Korean War
Korean War
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Détente
Détente
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CIA Operations (Latin America)
CIA Operations (Latin America)
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Massive Retaliation
Massive Retaliation
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Brinkmanship
Brinkmanship
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U-2 spy plane
U-2 spy plane
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"New Look" Military
"New Look" Military
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Military Industrial Complex
Military Industrial Complex
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NASA
NASA
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"Flexible Response"
"Flexible Response"
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Cold War
Cold War
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Authoritarianism
Authoritarianism
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Democracy
Democracy
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Communism
Communism
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Capitalism
Capitalism
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Collective Security
Collective Security
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United Nations
United Nations
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Iron Curtain Speech (1946)
Iron Curtain Speech (1946)
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NATO (1949)
NATO (1949)
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Warsaw Pact (1955)
Warsaw Pact (1955)
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Authoritarian
Authoritarian
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Bretton Woods Conference (1944)
Bretton Woods Conference (1944)
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World Bank
World Bank
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International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
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GI Bill
GI Bill
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Berlin Blockade and Airlift (1948-49)
Berlin Blockade and Airlift (1948-49)
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Suez Canal Crisis (1956)
Suez Canal Crisis (1956)
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Sputnik (1957)
Sputnik (1957)
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Cuban Revolution (1959)
Cuban Revolution (1959)
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Bay of Pigs (1961)
Bay of Pigs (1961)
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Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
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Containing Communism at Home
Containing Communism at Home
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HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee)
HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee)
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McCarran Act (1950)
McCarran Act (1950)
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The Rosenbergs
The Rosenbergs
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McCarthyism
McCarthyism
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Hollywood Ten
Hollywood Ten
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The Crucible
The Crucible
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"Duck and Cover"
"Duck and Cover"
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Bomb Shelters
Bomb Shelters
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Interstate Highway System
Interstate Highway System
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Gross National Product (GNP)
Gross National Product (GNP)
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Service Sector Growth
Service Sector Growth
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Corporate Mergers
Corporate Mergers
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Shopping Centers
Shopping Centers
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Consumption
Consumption
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Buying on Credit
Buying on Credit
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Interstate Highway System: Impact
Interstate Highway System: Impact
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"Baby Boom": Economic Impact
"Baby Boom": Economic Impact
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Levittown
Levittown
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Middle-Class Migration
Middle-Class Migration
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Sun Belt Region
Sun Belt Region
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Agribusiness
Agribusiness
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Computers
Computers
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Migration to Sun Belt
Migration to Sun Belt
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"Baby Boom"
"Baby Boom"
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Suburbanization
Suburbanization
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Sun Belt
Sun Belt
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National Defense Education Act (NDEA)
National Defense Education Act (NDEA)
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Service Sector
Service Sector
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Credit Cards
Credit Cards
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Federal Aid to Education
Federal Aid to Education
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The Sun Belt
The Sun Belt
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Social Mobility
Social Mobility
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Suburbia Supporters
Suburbia Supporters
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Suburbia Opponents
Suburbia Opponents
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Traditional Gender Roles (1950s)
Traditional Gender Roles (1950s)
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Company Men
Company Men
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Rock n Roll
Rock n Roll
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Fast Food
Fast Food
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Consumerism
Consumerism
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Containment (Foreign Policy)
Containment (Foreign Policy)
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Standardization of Culture
Standardization of Culture
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Challengers to the "Age of Conformity"
Challengers to the "Age of Conformity"
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Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism
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Pop Art
Pop Art
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David Riesman
David Riesman
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John Kenneth Galbraith
John Kenneth Galbraith
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Beatniks
Beatniks
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Civil Rights Activists
Civil Rights Activists
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Hippies
Hippies
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Jack Kerouac
Jack Kerouac
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Allen Ginsberg
Allen Ginsberg
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
Montgomery Bus Boycott
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Emmett Till
Emmett Till
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Civil Rights Acts of 1957/1960
Civil Rights Acts of 1957/1960
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Latin America (Cold War)
Latin America (Cold War)
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Peace Corps
Peace Corps
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Alliance for Progress
Alliance for Progress
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Robert McNamara
Robert McNamara
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Decolonization Era
Decolonization Era
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OPEC
OPEC
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Suez Canal Crisis
Suez Canal Crisis
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Cold War tensions in the Middle East
Cold War tensions in the Middle East
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Study Notes
America as a World Power
- Focus was on non-communist governments with varying levels of democratic commitment.
- US involvement stemmed from the fear of Soviet influence.
Latin America
- In Guatemala, the United Fruit Company saw CIA-sponsored coup in 1954.
- Cuba was taken over by Castro in 1959, leading to the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961 and the Missile Crisis in 1962.
- In Chile, Salvador Allende was killed in a CIA-backed coup in 1973.
Peace Corps
- The US created a volunteer organization to aid nation-building.
- Goal was to improve America’s reputation overseas, particularly in non-aligned developing countries.
Alliance for Progress
- Launched in 1961, to provide economic aid to Latin America, similar to the Marshall Plan.
- Main idea was poverty breeds communism".
- Focused on infrastructure projects like schools and hospitals.
- Efforts made to combat diseases through sewage systems and cholera prevention.
- Provided assistance during natural disasters
Debates Over Nuclear Arsenal and Military-Industrial Complex
- Eisenhower expressed fears about the effects of defense spending on democratic government.
- He warned of unwanted influence by the military, weapons manufacturers, and political forces.
- "Military-industrial complex" was introduced in his farewell address.
- Nuclear arsenal development was a deterrent against the USSR expansionism during the Cold War.
- The strategy of "massive retaliation" and brinkmanship was adopted.
- Hungarian Uprising against the Soviets showed that nuclear weapons were not suitable for all scenarios because the US did not send troops.
- Robert McNamara served as Secretary of Defense under Presidents JFK and LBJ.
- He was a former president of Ford Motor Company.
- Introduced the "New Look Army" that went against conventional military equipment.
Decolonization and Nationalist Movements in Africa & Middle East
- Occurred during the Suez Canal Crisis.
- Former British colonies in Africa, Egypt, and Iran factored in.
- Nations fought for Allies.
- Peace Corps was deployed to help nation building.
- MLK believed people were more important than things.
- Involved the fight for raw materials, markets for goods, and cheap labor.
- Europeans had to rebuild their economies.
- Conflict between self-determination and the possibility of communist expansion.
- US used strategies included aid packages, technical assistance, and military intervention.
Eisenhower and the Middle East
- Fear of Soviet penetration into the oil-rich Middle East heightened Cold War tensions.
- Western companies controlled Iranian petroleum.
- Overnment was influenced by the Soviet Kremlin.
- The CIA engineered a coup to install a new “western-friendly” dictator in 1953, leading to resentment towards America by the Iranian people.
- The Suez Canal was mostly owned by British and French stockholders.
- Nassar, the Egyptian leader was "flirting" with the Soviets.
- Britain and France joined Israel in invading Egypt in Oct 1956.
- They assumed that the US would supply them with oil during the invasion.
- Eisenhower refused to help his allies, leading to their withdrawal.
- By 1948, the US imported as much oil as they exported, increasing dependence on foreign oil.
- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and Venezuela formed the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1960.
Decolonization and Nationalist Movements in Africa & Middle East:
- Ghana gained independence from Great Britain in 1957.
- Nigeria gained independence from Great Britain in 1961.
- Kenya gained independence from Great Britain in 1963.
- Egypt achieved independence in 1952 with leader Gamal Abdul Nasser, a nationalist who espoused Arab socialism.
- The Suez Crisis occurred in 1956.
- Eisenhower Doctrine released in 1957.
- OPEC formed in 1960.
- The Yom Kippur War in 1973 led to the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat.
- The Iranian Revolution occurred in 1969 and was followed by a hostage crisis.
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