Coke and Coal Tar
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of coke in industrial processes?

manufacture of steel and extraction of metals

What is the name of the substance obtained from coal tar used to repel moths and insects?

naphthalene balls

What was the primary use of coal gas in the early 19th century?

street lighting

What is the source of petroleum?

<p>organisms living in the sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term derived from 'petra' and 'oleum'?

<p>petroleum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary constituent of petroleum?

<p>a mixture of various constituents</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current use of coal gas?

<p>as a source of heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is bitumen used for?

<p>metalling the roads</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of petrol?

<p>as a fuel in light automobiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of diesel?

<p>as a fuel in heavy motor vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Coke

  • Coke is a tough, porous, and black substance that is an almost pure form of carbon.
  • It is used in the manufacture of steel and in the extraction of many metals.

Coal Tar

  • Coal tar is a black, thick liquid with an unpleasant smell.
  • It is a mixture of about 200 substances.
  • Products obtained from coal tar are used as starting materials for manufacturing various substances used in everyday life and in industry.
  • Examples of these substances include synthetic dyes, drugs, explosives, perfumes, plastics, paints, photographic materials, and roofing materials.
  • Naphthalene balls used to repel moths and other insects are also obtained from coal tar.

Coal Gas

  • Coal gas is obtained during the processing of coal to get coke.
  • It is used as a fuel in many industries situated near the coal processing plants.
  • Coal gas was used for street lighting for the first time in London in 1810 and in New York around 1820.
  • Now, it is used as a source of heat rather than light.

Petroleum

  • Petroleum is a natural resource from which petrol and diesel are obtained.
  • The word petroleum is derived from petra (rock) and oleum (oil) as it is mined from between the rocks under the Earth.
  • Petroleum is formed from organisms living in the sea that died and got covered with layers of sand and clay.
  • Over millions of years, the absence of air, high temperature, and high pressure transformed the dead organisms into petroleum and natural gas.

Refining of Petroleum

  • Petroleum is a dark oily liquid with an unpleasant odor.
  • It is a mixture of various constituents such as petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc.
  • The world’s first oil well was drilled in Pennsylvania, USA, in 1859.
  • In India, oil is found in Assam, Gujarat, Mumbai High, and in the river basins of Godavari and Krishna.
  • Petroleum oil and gas do not mix with water and are lighter than it, which is why the layer containing petroleum oil and gas is above that of water.

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Learn about the properties and uses of coke, a porous and black substance, and coal tar, a thick liquid with various applications.

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