Cognitive Psychology and Intelligence

Study Notes

Cognitive Abilities

Types of cognitive abilities:
- Fluid intelligence: reasoning, working memory, and processing speed
- Crystallized intelligence: verbal comprehension, knowledge, and experience
Components of cognitive abilities:
- Reasoning: solving problems, making decisions, and thinking logically
- Working memory: temporary storage and manipulation of information
- Processing speed: quick and accurate processing of information
- Verbal comprehension: understanding and using verbal information
- Visual-spatial skills: understanding and manipulating visual information

IQ Scoring

IQ score range:
- Average IQ: 85-115
- Gifted: 115-130
- Highly gifted: 130-145
- Profoundly gifted: 145-160
- Genius: 160+
IQ scoring scales:
- Stanford-Binet Scale: 40-160
- Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS): 40-160
- Cattell Scale: 40-160

Intelligence Quotient

Definition: Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a score derived from one or more standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence
IQ calculation:
- Mental age (MA) / Chronological age (CA) * 100
- Average IQ is set at 100, with a standard deviation of 15

Problem Solving

Types of problem-solving:
- Fluid intelligence: novel, abstract, and complex problems
- Crystallized intelligence: familiar, concrete, and routine problems
Problem-solving strategies:
- Reasoning: using logic and rules to solve problems
- Working backwards: starting with the solution and working backwards to find the problem
- Analogies: finding relationships between concepts

Personality Assessment

Assessment methods:
- Self-report questionnaires
- Observer ratings
- Behavioral observations
Personality traits:
- Openness to experience: curiosity, open-mindedness, and love of learning
- Conscientiousness: organization, self-discipline, and diligence
- Extraversion: sociability, assertiveness, and excitement-seeking

Description

Test your knowledge of cognitive abilities, intelligence quotient, problem-solving strategies and personality assessment. Learn about different types of intelligence, IQ scoring, and personality traits.