Cognitive Limitations and Animism
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of growth in early childhood?

  • Limbs lengthen
  • Permanent teeth emerge
  • Brain develops
  • All of the above (correct)

What impact does size variation have on individuals in early childhood?

  • Larger children may lack challenges
  • Smaller children may be injured by larger children
  • Both A and B (correct)
  • None of the above

What factors determine the development of motor skills?

  • Neural advances
  • Physical changes in proportions
  • Opportunity to practice new skills
  • All of the above (correct)

What are the main grasps in early childhood?

<p>Power grasp and precision grasp (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do individuals usually develop hand preference?

<p>4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are graphomotor skills?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is symbolic representation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget, children under 8 lack theory of mind.

<p>False (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is animism?

<p>Applying attributes on living things to inanimate objects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fast mapping?

<p>Growth in receptive language. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the underlying concepts of Neo-Piagetian theories?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is expressive language?

<p>Words, signs, gestures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation to the nativist approach to language acquisition?

<p>Focuses on one aspect of language (grammar) and only on receptive language. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three number concepts fundamental to understanding the conventional number system according to Piaget?

<p>One-to-one correspondence, cardinality, and ordinality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during the toddler-preschool years?

<p>Stage 2 - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt?

<p>To develop a sense of autonomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Erikson's psychosocial development occurs during the preschool years (ages 3-6)?

<p>Stage 3 - Initiative vs. Guilt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the stage of Initiative vs. Guilt?

<p>To develop a sense of initiative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is NOT one of the four parenting styles mentioned in the text?

<p>Authoritative (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenting style is associated with high self-esteem, internalized moral standards, psychosocial maturity, and academic success?

<p>Authoritative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenting style is associated with a lack of emotional involvement and low demands on the child?

<p>Uninvolved (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenting style is associated with strict rules, high demands, and low warmth?

<p>Authoritarian (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenting style is associated with a lack of rules, few demands, and high warmth?

<p>Permissive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson, the development of self-esteem during infancy and toddlerhood is closely tied to the achievement of a positive ratio of autonomy versus shame and doubt, and initiative versus guilt during the developmental crises that occur during childhood.

<p>True (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first primary means of communication?

<p>Cooing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is caregiver-infant synchrony?

<p>Sensitively tuned responses to an infant's signals, which are appropriate, well timed and rhythmic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is temperament?

<p>Refers to an individual's consistent pattern or style of reacting to a broad range of environmental events and situations as well as their pattern of arousal and emotionality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is attachment?

<p>The strong and enduring emotional bond that develops between an infant and a caregiver during the infant's first year of life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is secure attachment?

<p>A healthy bond between infant and caregiver. The child is happy when the caregiver is present, somewhat upset during the caregiver's absence, and easily comforted upon the caregiver's return (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is separation anxiety?

<p>Displays of fear, clinging, crying, and related distress when an infant's parent or other caregiver leaves them (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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