27 Questions
What did Dasen (1972) find regarding the cognitive development of children from non-Western cultures compared to children from Western cultures?
Non-Western children reached the next developmental stage about a year later
According to Piaget's theory, what does the cognitive development of children primarily depend on?
Genetic factors
Which scholar's sociocultural theory heavily influenced alternative theories on cognitive development mentioned in the text?
Lev Vygotsky
What did Vygotsky argue plays a significant role in children's cognitive development?
Frequent interactions with more competent others
What characterizes brain development in terms of synaptic connections and neurons?
Pruning of unused dendrites, neurons, and synaptic connections
Why do adolescents tend to behave more impulsively and erratically according to the text?
Immaturity of the prefrontal cortex
What is likely to continue developing into early adulthood according to the text?
Prefrontal cortex
In Piaget's theory, what was likely understated in terms of its contribution to social development?
Contribution of environmental factors
What is one of the key factors that influences cognitive development according to alternative theories based on Lev Vygotsky's work?
Social and cultural interactions
Which technique has provided psychologists with a better perspective on cognitive development?
Modern neuroimaging techniques
What part of the brain is responsible for reasoning, planning, and problem solving?
Prefrontal cortex
Which part of the brain continues to develop throughout adolescence?
Prefrontal cortex
What is myelin responsible for in the brain?
Helping speed transmissions between different brain regions
What may contribute to adolescents' impulsive behavior according to the text?
Hormonal surge associated with puberty
What is one reason adolescents may act impulsively according to the text?
Slow development of the limbic system
Which cognitive aspect continues to form new neural connections during adolescence?
Reasoning capacity
What does neuroimaging help us understand about adolescent brain development?
Continued growth and development into the 20s
Which part of the brain experiences slower development compared to emotional parts during adolescence?
Prefrontal cortex
What happens to unused neurons and connections during adolescence according to the text?
They are cast off.
Why might adolescents seem to act impulsively according to the text?
Their slower prefrontal cortex development.
According to the passage, what is one reason why adolescents may engage in risky behavior?
They have not yet fully developed the ability to control impulsive behavior or make rational judgments.
What is the 'personal fable' described in the passage?
The belief that one's ideas and experiences are unique and that others cannot understand them.
How does the passage suggest the personal fable can be both protective and detrimental for adolescents?
It allows teens to feel they can accomplish anything, but it can also lead to feelings of isolation.
What is one way Piaget's theories have been refined or expanded upon, according to the passage?
It is now believed that object permanence develops much earlier than Piaget expected.
How does the passage suggest a child's social surroundings may influence their cognitive development?
Children may progress to new ways of thinking and then retreat to old ones, depending on the task, circumstances, and language used.
According to the passage, what is one way Piaget's theories have been applied in educational settings?
Teachers use Piaget's stages of cognitive development to design educational approaches tailored to students' developmental levels.
How does the passage suggest Piaget's theory of object permanence has been refined or expanded upon?
Piaget's theory of object permanence has been shown to develop gradually, rather than as a true stage, and can develop much earlier than Piaget expected.
Learn about the ongoing cognitive changes and brain development that occur during adolescence, including the formation of new neural connections and pruning of unused neurons. Discover how the prefrontal cortex evolves as teenagers mature.
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