Cognitive Abilities and Attention Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the multiple intelligences identified by Howard Gardner?

Musical skill

Spatial skill

Logical skill

Verbal skill (correct)

What type of intelligence is associated with a child who can easily navigate their way around their neighborhood or across large stretches of terrain?

Kinaesthetic intelligence

Logical intelligence

Verbal intelligence

Spatial intelligence (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a psychosocial challenge in middle childhood?

Achieving

Financial wellbeing (correct)

Family relationships

Knowing self

What is the term for motivation that comes from within and is task-related?

Intrinsic motivation Signup and view all the answers

What does effective parental monitoring involve?

Creating a trusting relationship Signup and view all the answers

How are childhood peer groups segregated?

By gender Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Piaget's cognitive development do children move to in middle childhood?

Concrete Operational Signup and view all the answers

What are the positive physical effects of sport participation?

Improved motor coordination Signup and view all the answers

What are the positive psychological effects of sport participation?

Improved achievement motivation Signup and view all the answers

What are the negative physical effects of sport participation?

Sports-related injuries Signup and view all the answers

What are the negative psychological effects of sport participation?

Increased concern with individual performance improvement Signup and view all the answers

What three concepts are used to resolve the difficulties with conservation in concrete operational thought?

Identity, reversibility, classification Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which of the following is true about gender roles?

Gender roles are flexible. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of acquiring gender-consistent behaviors called?

Gender typing Signup and view all the answers

True or False: Negative reinforcement by peers of gender-inappropriate play can be more influential than that of adults.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is androgyny?

The combination of masculine and feminine characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cognitive theory of gender-role development?

Kohlberg's Gender Constancy Signup and view all the answers

What do cognitive theories of gender-role development minimize?

Social and cultural effects Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what are the characteristics of the 'popular' peer status category?

Pro-social, good at sport, academically bright, good sense of humour Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is rejection associated with?

Negative evaluations, socially inappropriate behaviors, academic problems Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what can friendships do?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what are the functions of friendship?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is adolescence?

Period from age 12-20 Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what physical development do adolescents experience?

Growth spurt Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus of cognitive abilities?

Physical development Signup and view all the answers

Selective attention refers to the ability to:

Screen out distractions Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of memory?

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information Signup and view all the answers

What is metalinguistic awareness?

The ability to objecDfy language as a process as well as an artefact Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of intelligence?

Ability to perceive information and retain it as knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What do intelligence tests measure?

General ability Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner identified multiple intelligences, including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.
"Naturalistic intelligence" is associated with a child's ability to navigate their environment efficiently.

Psychosocial Challenges

Common psychosocial challenges in middle childhood include peer relationships, academic pressures, and self-esteem issues.
Certain challenges not classified as psychosocial may include biological or purely emotional developments.

Motivation Types

Intrinsic motivation is the drive that originates from within an individual, focusing on task accomplishment for personal satisfaction.

Parental Monitoring

Effective parental monitoring involves being aware of a child's activities, setting consistent rules, and maintaining open lines of communication.

Peer Group Segregation

Childhood peer groups are often segregated by gender, interests, and social status, influencing social interactions and friendships.

Piaget's Cognitive Development

In middle childhood, children transition to the concrete operational stage, characterized by logical thinking regarding concrete events.

Sport Participation Effects

Positive physical effects of sports include improved cardiovascular health, motor skills, and overall fitness.
Positive psychological effects include increased self-esteem, social skills, and emotional stability.
Negative physical effects may encompass injuries or overtraining.
Negative psychological effects can include anxiety, stress, and pressure to perform.

Conservation in Concrete Operational Thought

Three concepts to address difficulties with conservation include decentering, reversibility, and classification.

Gender Roles and Development

Gender roles reflect societal expectations and behaviors associated with being male or female, shaped significantly during childhood.
The process of acquiring gender-consistent behaviors is termed gender role socialization.
Negative reinforcement from peers against gender-inappropriate play can have a greater impact than similar behavior from adults.
Androgyny is the blending of both masculine and feminine characteristics in behavior and identity.

Cognitive Theories of Gender Role Development

Cognitive theories emphasize the roles of thought processes and social learning in developing gender roles, often minimizing biological factors.

Peer Status and Rejection

"Popular" peer status is often characterized by social competence, attractiveness, and positive peer interactions.
Rejection in peer groups is associated with social isolation, lower self-esteem, and emotional distress.

Functions of Friendship

Friendships serve emotional support, a sense of belonging, and opportunities for social skill development.

Adolescence and Physical Development

Adolescence is defined as the transitional phase from childhood to adulthood, characterized by physical, psychological, and social changes.
Physical development during adolescence includes growth spurts, puberty, and changes in body composition.

Cognitive Abilities and Memory

Cognitive abilities cover various domains such as reasoning, problem-solving, and memory.
Selective attention refers to the capability to focus on specific stimuli while ignoring distractions.
Memory is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
Metalinguistic awareness is understanding and reflecting on the properties and functions of language.
Intelligence is defined as the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new situations.
Intelligence tests typically assess various cognitive abilities and potential.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cognitive abilities such as attention, memory, learning, problem-solving, and metacognition. Learn about the concept of ajenGon and selective ajenGon. Discover how attention develops and matures in the prefrontal cortex.