Cognitive Abilities and Attention Quiz

Multiple Intelligences

• Howard Gardner identified multiple intelligences, including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.
• "Naturalistic intelligence" is associated with a child's ability to navigate their environment efficiently.

Psychosocial Challenges

• Common psychosocial challenges in middle childhood include peer relationships, academic pressures, and self-esteem issues.
• Certain challenges not classified as psychosocial may include biological or purely emotional developments.

Motivation Types

• Intrinsic motivation is the drive that originates from within an individual, focusing on task accomplishment for personal satisfaction.

Parental Monitoring

• Effective parental monitoring involves being aware of a child's activities, setting consistent rules, and maintaining open lines of communication.

Peer Group Segregation

• Childhood peer groups are often segregated by gender, interests, and social status, influencing social interactions and friendships.

Piaget's Cognitive Development

• In middle childhood, children transition to the concrete operational stage, characterized by logical thinking regarding concrete events.

Sport Participation Effects

• Positive physical effects of sports include improved cardiovascular health, motor skills, and overall fitness.
• Positive psychological effects include increased self-esteem, social skills, and emotional stability.
• Negative physical effects may encompass injuries or overtraining.
• Negative psychological effects can include anxiety, stress, and pressure to perform.

Conservation in Concrete Operational Thought

• Three concepts to address difficulties with conservation include decentering, reversibility, and classification.

Gender Roles and Development

• Gender roles reflect societal expectations and behaviors associated with being male or female, shaped significantly during childhood.
• The process of acquiring gender-consistent behaviors is termed gender role socialization.
• Negative reinforcement from peers against gender-inappropriate play can have a greater impact than similar behavior from adults.
• Androgyny is the blending of both masculine and feminine characteristics in behavior and identity.

Cognitive Theories of Gender Role Development

• Cognitive theories emphasize the roles of thought processes and social learning in developing gender roles, often minimizing biological factors.

Peer Status and Rejection

• "Popular" peer status is often characterized by social competence, attractiveness, and positive peer interactions.
• Rejection in peer groups is associated with social isolation, lower self-esteem, and emotional distress.

Functions of Friendship

• Friendships serve emotional support, a sense of belonging, and opportunities for social skill development.

Adolescence and Physical Development

• Adolescence is defined as the transitional phase from childhood to adulthood, characterized by physical, psychological, and social changes.
• Physical development during adolescence includes growth spurts, puberty, and changes in body composition.

Cognitive Abilities and Memory

• Cognitive abilities cover various domains such as reasoning, problem-solving, and memory.
• Selective attention refers to the capability to focus on specific stimuli while ignoring distractions.
• Memory is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
• Metalinguistic awareness is understanding and reflecting on the properties and functions of language.
• Intelligence is defined as the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new situations.
• Intelligence tests typically assess various cognitive abilities and potential.

Test your knowledge on cognitive abilities such as attention, memory, learning, problem-solving, and metacognition. Learn about the concept of ajenGon and selective ajenGon. Discover how attention develops and matures in the prefrontal cortex.