Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does Signal Detection Theory primarily aim to understand?
What does Signal Detection Theory primarily aim to understand?
Which of the following best describes a 'false alarm' in detection tasks?
Which of the following best describes a 'false alarm' in detection tasks?
What does sensitivity refer to in the context of detection tasks?
What does sensitivity refer to in the context of detection tasks?
What characteristic defines a liberal response bias?
What characteristic defines a liberal response bias?
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What is a limitation of using EEG as a physiological measure?
What is a limitation of using EEG as a physiological measure?
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Which aspect of eye-tracking does saccadic latency refer to?
Which aspect of eye-tracking does saccadic latency refer to?
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What does ERP stand for, in the context of physiological measures?
What does ERP stand for, in the context of physiological measures?
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What primary advantage does MRI provide in measuring brain structure?
What primary advantage does MRI provide in measuring brain structure?
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Study Notes
Behavioural Measures of Cognition
- Signal Detection Theory: Addresses decision-making under uncertainty by distinguishing between meaningful signals and non-signals based on response bias.
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Detection and Discrimination Tasks:
- False Alarm: Responding that a target is present when it is actually absent.
- Miss: Failing to identify a target when it is present.
- Sensitivity: The individual's ability to differentiate between target and non-target stimuli.
- Criterion: The threshold for participants deciding between ‘signal’ or ‘no signal’.
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Response Bias: Reflects the distribution of responses, not actual perceptual ability.
- Liberal Response Bias: More likely to report a target presence.
- Conservative Response Bias: More likely to report target absence.
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Eye-Tracking: Monitoring eye movements and fixation points through cameras.
- Measures Saccadic Latency (time to initiate eye movement) and Saccadic Trajectory (path followed between visual objects).
Physiological Measures of Cognition
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EEG (Electroencephalography): Captures electrical activity from the brain cortex.
- Pros: High temporal resolution, capturing events on a millisecond scale.
- Cons: Low spatial resolution, difficulty localizing brain activity.
- ERP (Event-Related Potentials): Averaged EEG data time-locked to specific stimuli or events.
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Uses strong magnets for static images of brain structures.
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fMRI (Functional MRI): Measures brain activity through changes in blood flow, providing insights into functional activation under various conditions.
- Cons: Poor temporal resolution; cannot specify precise timing of brain area activation.
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EMG (Electromyography): Measures the electrical activity of facial muscles that contract during psychological processes.
- Pros: Offers objective and implicit data on muscle engagement.
- Cons: Involves intensive muscle tensing.
- TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation): Uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in targeted cortical regions, aiding in understanding brain function.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the first week of the cognitive psychology course, covering behavioral and physiological measures of cognition. Key topics include Signal Detection Theory and Detection and Discrimination Tasks, along with concepts such as false alarms and response bias. Test your understanding of how decisions are made under uncertainty!
