Cognition and Human Mind Overview

<p>It fails to account for complex human behaviors like creativity and language. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A child getting a cookie for finishing their vegetables. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bottom-up processing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High temporal resolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Center-Surround Receptive Field is more sensitive to circular shapes, while the Elongated Receptive Field is more sensitive to lines and edges. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emotionally driven (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perception is based on the idea that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emotional Valence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestalt approach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prior knowledge helps to fill in missing information and interpret ambiguous stimuli. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain automatically fills in missing information based on prior knowledge and experience. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of converting environmental stimuli into neural signals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The structures and processes of the mind and brain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smallest amount of stimulus energy required to be detected (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structuralism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is reliable and free from hysterisis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Method of Adjustment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inability to maintain a consistent threshold in perception. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differential Threshold (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is prone to hysterisis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ratio of difference to magnitude (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To measure the relationship between perception and stimulus intensity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perceived intensity and physical intensity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To measure the speed of cognitive processing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestalt Psychology believes the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Introspection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unobservable nature of mental processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreasing perceived intensity with higher stimulus levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The relationship between behavior and subjective experience (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of forgetting through the Forgetting Curve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discovery of cognitive maps in rats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As a computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It occurs at -70mV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inside of the neuron becomes more negatively charged than resting potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They follow an 'All or None' principle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binding of neurotransmitters opens channels in the postsynaptic membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The frequency of action potentials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It does not reveal how the brain functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can determine causality in cognitive processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can only measure group averages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The response properties of individual neurons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurotransmitter type determines the effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can be very invasive and lacks specificity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mental processes including perception, attention, memory, and decision-making.

The scientific study of the structures and processes of the mind and brain in information processing.

The process of recognizing and interpreting sensory information from the environment.

The smallest amount of stimulus energy needed for detection by the senses.

The minimum difference in stimulation that a person can detect 50% of the time.

A method presenting stimulus intensity in ascending or descending order.

Observers adjust stimulus intensity until they detect it themselves.

Presents stimulus intensity in random order for detection.

The phenomenon where a person's response varies depending on prior exposure to stimuli.

The principle that states the just noticeable difference (J.N.D.) is a constant ratio of the original stimulus intensity.

Psychology focusing on observable behaviors rather than mental processes.

Learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a significant stimulus.

Stimulus that naturally triggers a response without any conditioning.

Learning influenced by the consequences of behavior, like rewards or punishments.

Behaviorism can't explain complex behaviors like creativity or language.

The perception of differences is based on the ratio of differences to magnitude.

A method to measure the relationship between perceived magnitude and stimulus intensity.

A law that relates perceived intensity to physical intensity using logarithms.

An experiment measuring reaction time to infer decision-making duration.

A graphical representation of memory retention over time.

The belief that experience is formed by combining basic elements of experience.

The examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings.

The study of how the mind organizes perceptions into wholes.

Phenomena describing how perceptions change with stimulus intensity.

Electroencephalography, a method to record electrical activity in the brain.

Event-Related Potentials, brain responses that are the direct result of a specific sensory, cognitive, or motor event.

The precision of a measurement with respect to time.

The precision of a measurement with respect to space.

Perception driven by external stimuli rather than prior knowledge.

Perception driven by our cognition and prior knowledge.

A type of sensory neuron receptive field organized to respond to stimuli in a specific way.

The theory that the whole of something is greater than its parts, influencing perception.

The process of converting external stimuli into neural signals.

The process of arranging components into a recognizable pattern or whole.

A period in the 1950s and 1960s focusing on mental processes over behaviorism.

Models mental operations as akin to information processing in computers.

An electrical signal that neurons send, occurring if the membrane exceeds a certain threshold.

The state of a neuron when it is not firing, typically around -70mV.

When a neuron's interior becomes more negative than its resting potential.

When the inside of a neuron becomes more positive than its resting potential.

The junction between two neurons where chemical communication occurs.

Chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse to bind to receptors.

A synapse that causes depolarization, making a neuron more likely to fire.

A synapse that causes hyperpolarization, making a neuron less likely to fire.

The study of brain processes underlying cognition using various methods.

Neuroimaging provides correlation, not causation; relies on slow responses.

A method measuring electrical activity of individual neurons.

Causation indicates one event causes another, while correlation shows a relationship without proving cause.

The process by which a neuron computes information based on signals received from its dendrites.