Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the ratio of females to males affected by Coeliac disease?
What is the ratio of females to males affected by Coeliac disease?
What is the primary role of HLA-DQA and HLA-DQB genes in Coeliac disease?
What is the primary role of HLA-DQA and HLA-DQB genes in Coeliac disease?
What is a characteristic of the symptoms of Coeliac disease?
What is a characteristic of the symptoms of Coeliac disease?
What is a possible complication of untreated Coeliac disease?
What is a possible complication of untreated Coeliac disease?
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Which type of healthcare professional is likely to encounter Coeliac disease?
Which type of healthcare professional is likely to encounter Coeliac disease?
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What is a trend observed in the incidence of Coeliac disease in children?
What is a trend observed in the incidence of Coeliac disease in children?
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What is the maximum ratio of females to males in Coeliac Disease?
What is the maximum ratio of females to males in Coeliac Disease?
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What type of disease is Coeliac Disease considered?
What type of disease is Coeliac Disease considered?
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Which of the following is a risk factor for Coeliac Disease?
Which of the following is a risk factor for Coeliac Disease?
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What is the usual treatment for Coeliac Disease?
What is the usual treatment for Coeliac Disease?
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What is the consequence of untreated Coeliac Disease?
What is the consequence of untreated Coeliac Disease?
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What is a characteristic of gluten sensitivity?
What is a characteristic of gluten sensitivity?
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What is a common non-GI manifestation of Coeliac Disease?
What is a common non-GI manifestation of Coeliac Disease?
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What is the purpose of HLA typing in Coeliac Disease diagnosis?
What is the purpose of HLA typing in Coeliac Disease diagnosis?
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What is a common symptom of Coeliac Disease in children?
What is a common symptom of Coeliac Disease in children?
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What is a potential neurological complication of Coeliac Disease?
What is a potential neurological complication of Coeliac Disease?
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What is the percentage of the general population affected by coeliac disease?
What is the percentage of the general population affected by coeliac disease?
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What is the hallmark of coeliac disease?
What is the hallmark of coeliac disease?
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What is the first-line test for the diagnosis of coeliac disease?
What is the first-line test for the diagnosis of coeliac disease?
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What is the characteristic of coeliac disease in the small bowel?
What is the characteristic of coeliac disease in the small bowel?
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What is the ratio of CD child to adult?
What is the ratio of CD child to adult?
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What is the characteristic of the normal small intestine?
What is the characteristic of the normal small intestine?
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What is the minimum number of intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes in CD?
What is the minimum number of intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes in CD?
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What is the significance of Tryptase Measure in CD diagnosis?
What is the significance of Tryptase Measure in CD diagnosis?
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What is the characteristic of coeliac disease after one year of gluten-free diet treatment?
What is the characteristic of coeliac disease after one year of gluten-free diet treatment?
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What is the significance of deep learning in histological diagnosis of CD?
What is the significance of deep learning in histological diagnosis of CD?
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What is the primary focus in the nutritional management of Coeliac disease?
What is the primary focus in the nutritional management of Coeliac disease?
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What is a potential drawback of a gluten-free diet?
What is a potential drawback of a gluten-free diet?
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What is the role of a dietitian in Coeliac disease management?
What is the role of a dietitian in Coeliac disease management?
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What is the significance of the Marsh, Modified Marsh, and Oberhuber classifications?
What is the significance of the Marsh, Modified Marsh, and Oberhuber classifications?
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What is the effect of Coeliac disease on dietary quality of life?
What is the effect of Coeliac disease on dietary quality of life?
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What is the goal of nutritional rehabilitation in Coeliac disease?
What is the goal of nutritional rehabilitation in Coeliac disease?
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What is the autoimmune disorder induced by gluten proteins and related gliadin fragments?
What is the autoimmune disorder induced by gluten proteins and related gliadin fragments?
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What is the significance of the Tilsolve Activation in Re-Renewal in Coeliac disease?
What is the significance of the Tilsolve Activation in Re-Renewal in Coeliac disease?
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What is the importance of follow-up appointments in Coeliac disease management?
What is the importance of follow-up appointments in Coeliac disease management?
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What is the benefit of individualizing gluten-free dietary recommendations?
What is the benefit of individualizing gluten-free dietary recommendations?
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Study Notes
Coeliac Disease (CD) Definition
- CD is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by gluten reactivity in genetically predisposed individuals
- A multifactorial disorder likely determined by the interaction of several factors - environmental and genetic
Genetic Factors
- Association with several genetic markers including HLA-DQA and HLA-DQB genes
- Appears to be a polygenic disease in addition to monogenic
Clinical Features
- Varying symptoms with respect to age
- Symptoms include:
- Chronic diarrhea
- Malabsorption
- Infrequent diarrhea
- Constipation
- Dental enamel defects
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Osteoporosis
- Recurrent abortion
- Infertility
Epidemiology
- Higher prevalence in females than males (up to 3:1 ratio)
- Increased frequency in children below 2 years of age
- Worldwide endemic, with increasing frequency, particularly in developing countries
Diagnosis and Testing
- Serological and histological testing
- Immunohistochemistry, PCR, test-baking challenges, and other diagnostic methods
- Diagnosis can be straightforward but may represent a clinical challenge due to heterogeneity
- Potential causes of difficulty in diagnosis/interpretation of serology and histology include:
- Mild or inconsistent intestinal damage
- Previously or currently gluten-free diet
- Prematurity and young age
- IgA deficiency
- Systemic or local immunological diseases
- Administration of immunosuppressive, anti-TNFα or GFD supplementing compounds
- Rare conditions with celiac-like enteropathy
Management and Treatment
- Lifelong adherence to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD)
- Dietary advice and referral to a registered dietitian experienced in GFD
- Follow-up assessment appointments within 6-12 months
- Importance of nutritional rehabilitation and individualized recommendations
- Gluten-free cereals, such as millet and teff, can provide a balanced diet with essential nutrients
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of Coeliac disease, a systemic autoimmune disorder, including its causes, prevalence, and effects on genetically predisposed individuals. It also touches on the role of gender in autoimmune diseases.
