Coastal Geomorphology: Shoreline and Coastal Environments
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Questions and Answers

What is the vertical distance from the trough to the crest of a wave called?

  • Wave Height (correct)
  • Whitecaps
  • Wavelength
  • Wave Period

Which term refers to the depth at which energy rapidly diminishes below the surface of circular wave motion?

  • Swash
  • Wave Base (correct)
  • Trough
  • Crest

What causes changes in water levels along coasts due to gravitational interaction between celestial bodies?

  • Wind
  • Circular Orbital Motion
  • Tides (correct)
  • Whitecaps

During which type of tides are the high tides higher than normal and occur every 14–75 days when the Moon and the Sun are aligned?

<p>Spring tides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the turbulent water created by breaking waves known as?

<p>Surf (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a wave represents the top part?

<p>Crest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area between the lowest tide level and the highest elevation on land affected by storm waves called?

<p>Shore (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which coastal landform is characterized by a relatively flat area composed of sand adjacent to coastal dunes or cliffs?

<p>Berm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wet sloping surface from the berm to the shoreline called?

<p>Beach Face (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which zone is seaward of the nearshore zone?

<p>Offshore Zone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to energy travelling along the interface between the ocean and atmosphere?

<p>Waves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area is landward of the high-tide shoreline and is dry, only affected by waves during storms?

<p>Backshore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of sediment is mostly found on pebble beaches?

<p>Pebbles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are sand beaches most prevalent?

<p>Along tropical coasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of sediment for coastal sand dunes?

<p>Beach sediment blown by wind (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Estuaries are transition zones between which two bodies of water?'

<p>Rivers and oceans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Where are tidal flats exposed?'

<p>At low tide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'What is the main reason why sand beaches are prevalent along tropical coasts?'

<p>River sediment deposits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What environmental factors contribute to the gradual breakdown of coastal rocks and landforms?

<p>Wind, rain, and sunlight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which coastal process poses challenges to coastal areas due to climate change?

<p>Thermal expansion of seawater (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is limestone shoreline weathering observed at?

<p>Asan Point, War in the Pacific National Historical Park, Guam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What historic resources are threatened due to sea level rise in the Pacific islands?

<p>Fishponds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of environment is most significantly impacted by saltwater inundation, according to the text?

<p>Historic masonry structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are beaches considered as in terms of sediment accumulation along coasts?

<p>Most significant accumulations of sediments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives ocean currents?

<p>Temperature gradients and the Earth's rotation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of currents are produced by waves near the shore?

<p>Longshore currents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of coastal erosion?

<p>Human activities and climate change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of landforms can be created due to coastal deposition?

<p>Spits and barrier islands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which currents flow perpendicularly to the beach fed by longshore currents?

<p>Rip currents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are rip currents formed?

<p>By longshore currents feeding into them (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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