Coastal and Oceanography Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of current is caused by waves breaking at an angle to the shoreline?

  • Tidal current
  • Longshore current (correct)
  • Rip current
  • Surface current
  • Which feature is formed by waves eroding the rock through a headland?

  • Sea cave
  • Sea arch (correct)
  • Wave-cut cliff
  • Sea stack
  • What primarily causes the periodic rise and fall of the ocean surface known as tides?

  • The Earth’s rotation
  • Ocean currents
  • The gravitational pull of the moon and the sun (correct)
  • Wind patterns
  • Which of the following features is not a type of coastal deposition?

    <p>Sea cave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coastal feature is characterized as a steep cliff formed by wave action?

    <p>Wave-cut cliff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does porosity refer to in soil or rock?

    <p>The percentage of volume that is composed of pores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is likely to have the highest permeability?

    <p>Loosely packed sand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the water table in relation to groundwater?

    <p>The top boundary of the unsaturated zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the zone of saturation?

    <p>Water completely fills the pore space in this zone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aquifers are best characterized as:

    <p>Bodies of permeable rock that store groundwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five major oceans?

    <p>Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Antarctic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main types of seawater movement?

    <p>Waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do ocean waves change as they approach the shore?

    <p>They change from circular to elliptical motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms when groundwater flows to the surface due to pressure?

    <p>An artesian well</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which shoreline characteristic is primarily shaped by waves?

    <p>Rocky cliffs and sandy beaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are cirque lakes formed from?

    <p>Meltwater filling glacial depressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that promotes slope failure in mass wasting?

    <p>The reduction of friction due to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mass wasting involves rapid downslope movement of water-saturated soil?

    <p>Mudflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are lateral and terminal moraines formed from?

    <p>Ridges of till deposited by glaciers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does creep differ from other types of mass wasting?

    <p>It involves very slow, imperceptible movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of a temperature inversion?

    <p>Inverted lapse rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which climate type is associated with tropical wet and dry conditions?

    <p>Tropical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under normal atmospheric conditions, what happens to the temperature with increasing altitude?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of climate listed in the content?

    <p>Desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of a temperature inversion on emitted hot gases?

    <p>They remain stagnant below the inversion layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of mechanical weathering?

    <p>It breaks down rocks without altering their chemical composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of weathering?

    <p>Plant growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agent of erosion is associated with the downslope movement of soil and rock?

    <p>Gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of hurricane has wind speeds of 96-110 mph and causes extensive damage?

    <p>Category 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of weathering involves the reaction of rocks with water changing their chemical composition?

    <p>Chemical weathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental factor strongly influences both mechanical and chemical weathering processes?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of air pollution?

    <p>Industrial processes and combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Hurricane Watch indicate?

    <p>Hurricane conditions are possible in the next 24-36 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of hurricane is characterized by wind speeds of more than 155 mph?

    <p>Category 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during a temperature inversion?

    <p>Temperature increases with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of a thunderstorm?

    <p>Heavy localized downpour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does lightning travel?

    <p>At the speed of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What atmospheric condition characterizes ice storms?

    <p>Rain freezing upon contact with the ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Tornado Watch indicate?

    <p>Tornadoes may form due to atmospheric conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of a blizzard?

    <p>High winds and low temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which EF Scale number indicates 'total destruction'?

    <p>EF5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Pineapple Express known for?

    <p>Bringing moisture from the Pacific to the west coast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of death during hurricanes?

    <p>Drowning due to storm surge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what wind speed does a tropical storm become a hurricane?

    <p>119 km/h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which location has the highest frequency of tornadoes?

    <p>United States and Australia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Tornado Warning signify?

    <p>A tornado has been sighted or indicated on radar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is described as a dome of water accompanying a hurricane at landfall?

    <p>Storm surge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which EF Scale number indicates 'considerable damage'?

    <p>EF1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the portion of a stream's load that consists of minerals and elements carried in solution?

    <p>Dissolved load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs on the outside of a meander loop due to faster water current?

    <p>Erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when an entire meander loop is cut off from the main stream?

    <p>Oxbow lake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of glacier covers most of Greenland and Antarctica?

    <p>Continental glacier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the amphitheater-like depression called that is carved out by cirque glaciers?

    <p>Cirque</p> Signup and view all the answers

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