Coal and Petroleum Overview
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Coal and Petroleum Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the process of converting dead vegetation into coal called?

  • Mineralization
  • Carbonisation (correct)
  • Fermentation
  • Combustion
  • Coal is considered a renewable resource.

    False

    What are some products obtained from coal tar?

    Synthetic dyes, drugs, explosives, perfumes, plastics, paints, photographic materials, roofing materials.

    Coke is primarily used in the manufacture of _____ and in the extraction of metals.

    <p>steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about coal gas?

    <p>It is a source of heat rather than light today.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following products with their uses:

    <p>Coke = Manufacture of steel Coal tar = Production of synthetic dyes Coal gas = Source of heat Bitumen = Metalling roads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Naphthalene balls, used to repel moths, are derived from coal tar.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coal is an important fossil fuel primarily formed from the remains of _____ organisms.

    <p>living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of hydrogen gas obtained from natural gas?

    <p>Production of fertilizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main environmental advantage of using CNG over other fuels?

    <p>It is less polluting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural gas is easy to transport because it is stored in liquid form.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is petroleum commonly referred to as due to its commercial importance?

    <p>black gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural gas cannot be used for burning in homes and factories.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following natural resources with their characteristics:

    <p>Coal = Fossil fuel that contributes to air pollution Petroleum = Source of various chemicals Natural gas = Cleaner fuel option Bitumen = Used for road surfacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one country where vast reserves of natural gas have been found.

    <p>India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural gas serves as a starting material for the manufacture of __________ and fertilizers.

    <p>chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following petroleum constituents with their uses:

    <p>LPG = Fuel for home and industry Petrol = Motor fuel, aviation fuel, solvent for dry cleaning Kerosene = Fuel for stoves, lamps and jet aircrafts Natural Gas = Power generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a limitation of fossil fuels?

    <p>They are exhaustible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a use of a constituent of petroleum?

    <p>Building materials (Petrol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of separating the various constituents of petroleum is known as __________.

    <p>refining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Petrochemicals are derived from natural gas and are used to make synthetic materials.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The known reserves of fossil fuels will last for thousands of years.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one man-made plastic derived from petrochemicals.

    <p>polyester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between burning fossil fuels and global warming?

    <p>Burning fossil fuels contributes to global warming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a slow process involved in the formation of fossil fuels?

    <p>Decomposition of living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coke is a product of petroleum refinement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of using CNG as a fuel?

    <p>CNG produces fewer emissions compared to other fossil fuels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fossil fuels are ________, ________, and ________.

    <p>coal, petroleum, natural gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the least polluting fuel for vehicles?

    <p>CNG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Petroleum resources are inexhaustible.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called ________.

    <p>refining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the petroleum products with their uses:

    <p>Petrol = Fuel for cars Kerosene = Fuel for lamps Lubricating oil = Reduces friction in engines Diesel = Fuel for trucks and buses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coke is almost a pure form of carbon.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coal tar is a mixture of various substances.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kerosene is not a fossil fuel.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.

    <p>Fossil fuels are exhaustible because they take millions of years to form and are consumed much faster than they can be replenished.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coke is used primarily in the ______ industry.

    <p>steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fuels is known for having a lower emission profile?

    <p>CNG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Coal and Fossil Fuels

    • Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are exhaustible fossil fuels derived from the remains of living organisms.
    • Formation involves dead vegetation undergoing carbonisation over millions of years, resulting in coal, also known as a fossil fuel.
    • In a coal mine, coal is extracted, which can burn to produce carbon dioxide gas when heated.

    Products from Coal

    • Coke:

      • A tough, black, porous substance, almost pure carbon.
      • Utilized in steel manufacturing and metal extraction.
    • Coal Tar:

      • A thick black liquid with an unpleasant odor, consisting of over 200 substances.
      • Used to produce synthetic dyes, drugs, explosives, perfumes, plastics, paints, and roofing materials.
      • Naphthalene balls, derived from coal tar, repel moths.
    • Coal Gas:

      • Produced during coal processing for coke.
      • Initially used for street lighting in the early 1800s, now primarily for heating.

    Petroleum and Natural Gas

    • Petroleum, also referred to as "black gold," is processed to obtain valuable petrochemicals for detergents, fibers, and plastics.

    • Constituents of Petroleum:

      • Various products include LPG for fuel, petrol for transportation, kerosene for stoves, diesel for heavy vehicles, lubricating oil, paraffin wax for ointments, and bitumen for road surfacing.
    • Natural Gas:

      • An important, easily transportable fossil fuel, stored as compressed natural gas (CNG).
      • CNG is favored for power generation and as a cleaner fuel for transport vehicles, reducing air pollution.

    Environmental Impact and Conservation

    • Fossil fuel reserves are limited, forecasted to last only a few hundred years; their utilization contributes to air pollution and global warming.
    • Strategies to conserve fossil fuels include driving at moderate speeds, turning off engines at stops, and maintaining correct tire pressures to improve fuel efficiency.

    Summary of Key Points

    • Fossil fuels—coal, petroleum, and natural gas—are non-renewable and formed from organic material.
    • The extraction and refinement processes yield various important products essential for everyday life and industry.
    • The need for responsible usage of fossil fuels is emphasized to mitigate environmental impacts.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the formation and characteristics of coal and petroleum as fossil fuels. It covers the processes involved in their conversion from dead vegetation and the significance of these exhaustible natural resources. Test your knowledge on coal mining and the carbonisation process too!

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