Coagulation and Heparin Therapy Quiz

Formation of a thickened mass in the blood, stopping bleeding, essential for survival and tissue healing.

Prevents excessive blood loss and tissue damage and aids in the healing process following injury.

A blood clot that obstructs a blood vessel, preventing normal blood flow in the downstream tissues.

Blood clot formation in a deep vein, typically in the legs or pelvis.

Blood clot that travels to and lodges in the lung's main artery or branches, interrupting blood flow.

3 stages of blood clot formation, followed by clot resolution involving the conversion of various factors, resulting in a stable clot and its subsequent dissolution.

Platelets clumping together (aggregation) and sticking to blood vessel walls (adhesion) forming a plug at the site of injury.

Proteins in the blood plasma involved in the clotting cascade, interacting to convert the blood into a solid mass to stop bleeding.

Heparin works by thinning the blood and inhibiting clotting factors, reducing blood clotting.

Coumarins prevent blood clots by blocking the formation of Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.

Antiplatelets prevent blood clots by stopping platelets from clumping together.

Thrombolytic enzymes break down existing blood clots into smaller, soluble pieces.

Factor Xa Inhibitors prevent blood clot formation by stopping the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors prevent clotting by directly inhibiting thrombin activity.

Heparin is given intravenously or subcutaneously. It is measured in IU/mL and is available in vials, syringes, minibags, etc.

Heparin's effect is monitored by Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT).

Fragments of heparin with full anticoagulant activity, given as injections; dosaged based on body weight.

A complication of heparin use characterized by low blood platelets.

Better absorption, predictable effect, easier dosing based on weight, easier self-administration, less chance of side effects.

An anticoagulant; a type of blood thinner

A blood test to monitor Coumadin (warfarin) levels.

Regular blood tests (INR) to adjust the medicine's dose for optimal blood clotting levels.

Foods like leafy green vegetables that affect how Coumadin works.

Coumadin can interact with other medications (OTC or prescription) altering its effectiveness and increasing potential side effects.

Explaining to patients why taking anticoagulants regularly is crucial for preventing blood clots, even if they feel fine.

Informing patients about potential side effects of anticoagulants, such as bleeding, and when to seek immediate medical attention.

Explaining the importance of routine blood tests like INR monitoring to check the effectiveness of anticoagulants and adjust dosage.

Identifying over-the-counter medications or supplements that could interfere with anticoagulants, like certain pain relievers or herbal remedies.

Hospital pharmacy technicians prepare and compound anticoagulants like heparin infusions, ensuring accuracy and safety in storage and labeling.

Medications that prevent platelets from sticking together and forming blood clots. Used to reduce the risk of stroke, heart attack, or other blood clots.

A common brand name for the antiplatelet agent clopidogrel, which helps prevent blood clots by blocking platelet activation.

Antiplatelet agents work by preventing platelets from sticking together and forming blood clots. This helps reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other blood clots.

The breakdown and dissolution of blood clots by specific enzymes, helping to restore normal blood flow.

Enzymes used to break down blood clots by targeting fibrin, the protein that helps bind blood clots together. They are usually administered intravenously in emergency situations.

Thrombolytic enzymes are used in emergency situations to dissolve blood clots, such as in heart attacks (MI), ischemic strokes, pulmonary embolisms (PE), and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

A blood clot that forms inside a blood vessel, obstructing blood flow. It can be potentially dangerous, leading to heart attacks, strokes, or other serious complications.

Common adverse effects include bleeding, nausea, headache, anaphylactic reactions, skin rash, and itching. These are serious considerations for patients receiving thrombolytic therapy.

A type of anemia characterized by unusually small red blood cells (RBCs).

A type of anemia characterized by pale red blood cells (RBCs), indicating a lack of hemoglobin.

A condition caused by insufficient iron levels in the body, leading to a decrease in red blood cell production.

Oral or injectable medications containing iron salts to replenish iron levels and treat iron deficiency anemia.

Fatigue is a common symptom experienced by individuals with low iron levels.

A condition caused by inadequate levels of vitamin B12, impairing red blood cell development and leading to pernicious anemia if severe.

Oral, injectable forms of vitamin B12 used to treat and prevent vitamin B12 deficiency.

A condition caused by insufficient folic acid levels, impacting red blood cell development and increasing the risk of neural tube defects in pregnancy.

Oral or injectable forms of folic acid used to treat folic acid deficiency anemia and prevent neural tube defects.

Medications that stimulate the production of new blood cells within the bone marrow, used to treat anemia or neutropenia.