CNS-Affecting Plant Therapies in Phytotherapy and Herbal Medicine

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Which plant medicine acts on the brain and spinal cord?

Feverfew
Valeriana
Ergotamine
St. John’s wort (correct)

What is the main effect of caffeine?

Reduces cortisol production
Prevents drowsiness by blocking adenosine receptors (correct)
Increases serotonin levels
Induces drowsiness by promoting adenosine release

What are the main characteristics of depression?

Elevated mood, excessive energy, racing thoughts
Loss of interest, low energy, poor concentration (correct)
Increased sleep, decreased appetite, low self-worth
Hyperactivity, increased appetite, high energy levels

Which plant is suggested to be as effective as standard prescription antidepressants for major depression?

St. John’s wort (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the adverse effects of St. John’s wort?

Gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, unrest (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does caffeine affect the action of adenosine?

Blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of hyperforin?

It affects the pre-synaptic sodium channels that control reuptake transporter activity (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is effectively treated with hyperforin?

Depression and anxiety (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is dementia?

The loss of cognitive functioning (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about dementia?

It is a normal part of aging (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of dementia in older adults?

Alzheimer's disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of dementia?

Loss of language skills (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperforin do differently compared to SSRIs?

It affects the pre-synaptic sodium channels that control reuptake transporter activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

'Dementia ranges in severity from the mildest stage... to the most severe stage.' What happens at the most severe stage?

Person must depend completely on others for basic activities of living (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does St. John's Wort not cause many of?

Adverse effects associated with prescription SSRI drugs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the active principles of Ginko biloba?

Leaves ext. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the basic tenets of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)?

The existence of vital energy circulating through channels called meridians (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Ayurveda' combine?

Life and health (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with Ayurvedic medicine?

Possible interaction with conventional medicines (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Ayurvedic medicine?

Promotion of the use of herbal compounds, special diets, and other unique health practices (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which therapy is associated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)?

Cupping therapy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the belief about the body's vital energy according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)?

It circulates through channels called meridians (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Kampō medicine?

Use of herbs for diagnosis and therapy (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of therapy involves the use of water for pain relief and treatment?

Hydrotherapy (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary basis of Aromatherapy?

Treatment through stimulation of smell (B) Signup and view all the answers

From where can drugs be obtained?

Both natural and artificial sources (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of plant selection in drug development according to the text?

Selection based on ethno medical uses (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature range usually used for hydrotherapy exercises in a warm-water pool?

$33–36°C$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most popular herb used for cancer patients in Kampo medicine?

$Agaricus blazei$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medicine depends on treatment through stimulation of the sense of smell?

$Aromatherapy$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of hydrotherapy?

$Pain relief and treatment using water$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

How are drugs obtained from natural sources described in the text?

$Obtained from nature (plant, microbes, animals, marine organisms or mineral sources)$ (D) Signup and view all the answers