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Questions and Answers

What is animism?

A belief in spirit beings, which are thought to animate nature.

What is animatism?

A belief that the world is animated by impersonal supernatural powers.

What does illness represent in the cultural context?

A culturally made conception of how you are feeling.

Define society.

<p>A group of people who occupy a specific locality and share a common cultural tradition and language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term holistic imply in anthropology?

<p>A particular approach in anthropology that looks at an idea in as close and broad a context as possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is a prophet?

<p>A Prophet generally has a personal call whose authority is founded on revelations and personal charisma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a shaman?

<p>A religious specialist and healer with power derived directly from supernatural sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term myth refer to?

<p>A sacred narrative explaining how the world came to be in its present form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is religion defined?

<p>A set of rituals rationalized by myth which mobilizes supernatural powers for the purpose of achieving or preventing transformations of state in people and nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does witchcraft explain?

<p>An explanation of misfortune based on the belief that certain individuals possess an innate psychic power capable of causing harm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is polytheism?

<p>Belief in more than one deity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term liminal mean?

<p>Betwixt and between.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define monotheism.

<p>Belief in one deity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is kala jadu?

<p>Black magic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cosmology refer to?

<p>Concepts of the general order of existence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mal ojo/Mal de ojo?

<p>Evil eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define mal ser.

<p>Evil spirit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does as'sihr mean?

<p>Islamic sorcery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a ritual?

<p>Prescribed formal behavior for occasions not given over to technical routine, having reference to mystical beings or powers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define barrida.

<p>Ritual sweeping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are priest/esses?

<p>Ritual leaders oriented to some sort of personalized supernatural being or beings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is latmiya?

<p>Ritualized self-flagellation of the body in grief.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does salvation cocktail refer to?

<p>Strychnine consumed as a profession of faith for snake handlers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are multivocal symbols?

<p>Symbols with many meanings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define syncretism.

<p>The blending of two or more belief systems where the product is neither one nor the other but something new.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symbol in ritual terms?

<p>The smallest unit of ritual which still retains the specific properties of ritual behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mana refer to?

<p>The Force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define culture.

<p>The values and beliefs that people use to interpret experience and generate behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is possession in a religious context?

<p>Trance state where malevolent or curative spirits enter the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural relativity mean?

<p>Viewing another culture through their eyes, their cultural lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define ethnocentrism.

<p>Viewing another culture through your own eyes, your cultural lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of magic?

<p>When supernatural power can be compelled to act in a certain way for good or evil purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Concepts in Magic, Witchcraft, and Religion

  • Animism:

    • Belief in spirit beings that animate nature.

  • Animatism:

    • Concept that the world is energized by impersonal supernatural forces.

  • Illness:

    • Culturally defined perception of health and emotional states.

  • Society:

    • Group of individuals sharing a local environment, culture, and language.

  • Holistic Approach:

    • Anthropology perspective that examines ideas comprehensively.

  • Prophet:

    • A religious leader characterized by personal revelations and charisma, leading social change through religion.

  • Shaman:

    • A religious healer with supernatural powers, often identified through unique physical traits or symptoms.

  • Myth:

    • Sacred stories that explain the origins and current state of the world.

  • Religion:

    • A system of rituals backed by myths that harness supernatural forces for transformation in nature and people.

  • Witchcraft:

    • Belief that individuals possess psychic abilities to inflict harm and cause misfortune.

  • Polytheism:

    • Belief in multiple gods or deities.

  • Liminal:

    • State of being in transition; "betwixt and between."

  • Monotheism:

    • Belief in one supreme deity.

  • Kala Jadu:

    • Refers to the practice of black magic.

  • Cosmology:

    • Understanding of the fundamental structure of the universe.

  • Mal ojo/Mal de ojo:

    • Concept of the evil eye that causes harm through envy.

  • Mal ser:

    • Reference to malevolent spirits.

  • As'sihr:

    • Islamic context of sorcery practices.

  • Ritual:

    • Formal behaviors related to mystical elements, distinct from ordinary routines.

  • Barrida:

    • Ritual sweeping, often to cleanse an area of negative influences.

  • Priest/ess:

    • Ritual leaders with knowledge passed down through designated family lineages.

  • Latmiya:

    • Ritual self-flagellation expressing grief.

  • Salvation cocktail:

    • A controversial drink used by snake handlers as an act of faith.

  • Multivocal Symbols:

    • Symbols that carry multiple meanings in different contexts.

  • Syncretism:

    • Blending of belief systems resulting in a new, unique system.

  • Symbol:

    • Fundamental unit of ritual that encapsulates various ritual properties.

  • Mana:

    • Concept referring to a spiritual force or power.

  • Culture:

    • Collective values and beliefs that shape behavior and experiences.

  • Possession:

    • State where spirits, whether benevolent or malevolent, inhabit a person's body.

  • Cultural Relativity:

    • Understanding a culture based on its own values and perspectives.

  • Ethnocentrism:

    • Judging another culture through the lens of one's own.

  • Magic:

    • Manipulation of supernatural powers to influence events for beneficial or harmful ends.

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