CNA Test #1 DMACC Flashcards

Medicare

• Federal health insurance program for individuals aged 65 and older.
• Available for certain younger individuals with disabilities.

Medicaid

• Health care payment program funded by the federal government and administered by states.
• Designed for individuals and families with low income.

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)

• Federal law mandating training and competency evaluation for nursing assistants.
• Requires a minimum of 75 hours of CNA instruction, including written and skills evaluations.

Involuntary Seclusion

• Separation of a person from others against their will.

Abuse

• Willful infliction of injury resulting in physical harm to an individual.

Neglect

• Failure to provide essential needs such as food, shelter, health care, or protection for vulnerable elders.

Assault

• Intentionally attempting or threatening to touch another person's body without their consent.

Prone Position

• Patient lies on their stomach.

Supine Position

• Patient lies on their back, facing upwards.

Lateral Position

• Patient is positioned on their side.

Sims Position

• Patient lies on their left side with the upper leg sharply bent and the lower arm behind them.

Fowler's Position

• Sitting position often used for patients who have difficulty breathing.

Friction

• Occurs when two surfaces rub against each other.

Shear

• Happens when skin adheres to a surface while muscles slide in the direction of body movement.

Closed Bed

• A bed made after a patient is discharged.

Open Bed

• A bed with linen folded down to the foot, ready for a patient.

Asepsis

• Refers to the absence of pathogenic microorganisms.

Medical Asepsis

• Practices aimed at reducing the number and transfer of pathogens, synonymous with clean technique.

Sterile

• Indicates no living microbes are present.

Pathogens

• Microbes that cause diseases.

Types of Pathogens

• Bacteria: A common type of pathogen.
• Fungi: Another category of pathogens.
• Protozoa: Microorganisms classified as pathogens.
• Rickettsia: Another type of pathogenic microorganisms.
• Viruses: Microbes that can cause various diseases.

Healthcare-associated Infection (HAI)

• Infection acquired within a healthcare setting during medical care delivery.

Common Sites for HAIs

• Urinary system: Frequent site for infections.
• Respiratory system: Common area for infection development.
• Wounds: Often serve as infection sites.
• Bloodstream: Common area where infections can occur.

Bloodborne Pathogen Standard

• Regulation designed to protect healthcare workers from exposure to infectious agents.