Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a strategy for mitigating risks associated with malicious insiders in cloud security?
What is a strategy for mitigating risks associated with malicious insiders in cloud security?
Segregating duties and enforcing logging, monitoring, and auditing of administrator activities.
Explain the concept of privacy in the context of cloud computing.
Explain the concept of privacy in the context of cloud computing.
Privacy refers to the right to keep personal and proprietary information from being disclosed.
Identify a challenge users face regarding data control in a cloud environment.
Identify a challenge users face regarding data control in a cloud environment.
Users lose control over the exact location of their data and may even lose access to it.
What is dynamic provisioning and its associated issues in cloud security?
What is dynamic provisioning and its associated issues in cloud security?
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How does cloud encryption help in protecting data in the cloud?
How does cloud encryption help in protecting data in the cloud?
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What is the main reason cloud security is a significant concern for users?
What is the main reason cloud security is a significant concern for users?
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Name one major security risk associated with storing data in the cloud.
Name one major security risk associated with storing data in the cloud.
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How do users perceive the security of their data when moving to cloud computing?
How do users perceive the security of their data when moving to cloud computing?
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What specific insider threat do cloud users worry about regarding Cloud Service Providers (CSPs)?
What specific insider threat do cloud users worry about regarding Cloud Service Providers (CSPs)?
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Explain the difference in vulnerability between data in storage versus data being processed in the cloud.
Explain the difference in vulnerability between data in storage versus data being processed in the cloud.
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What is a significant challenge in establishing cloud security regulations?
What is a significant challenge in establishing cloud security regulations?
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Why might organizations falsely believe they are better protected by using cloud services?
Why might organizations falsely believe they are better protected by using cloud services?
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What is one consequence of the inability to verify CSPs' hiring and security protocols?
What is one consequence of the inability to verify CSPs' hiring and security protocols?
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What are some of the primary concerns that users of cloud services face regarding responsibilities?
What are some of the primary concerns that users of cloud services face regarding responsibilities?
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Name at least two common methods used in cloud attacks.
Name at least two common methods used in cloud attacks.
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How do system failures impact cloud service availability?
How do system failures impact cloud service availability?
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What risks are associated with third-party control in the cloud?
What risks are associated with third-party control in the cloud?
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What is the significance of using multi-factor authentication in cloud security?
What is the significance of using multi-factor authentication in cloud security?
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Why are compromised credentials a threat to cloud security?
Why are compromised credentials a threat to cloud security?
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What problems arise from exploited system vulnerabilities in cloud environments?
What problems arise from exploited system vulnerabilities in cloud environments?
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How can organizations monitor account activity to mitigate risks?
How can organizations monitor account activity to mitigate risks?
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What are the concerns regarding user control over data in cloud storage?
What are the concerns regarding user control over data in cloud storage?
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How does the lack of standardization affect cloud services?
How does the lack of standardization affect cloud services?
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What is multi-tenancy and how does it pose security risks?
What is multi-tenancy and how does it pose security risks?
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What are the legal concerns related to data security in cloud computing?
What are the legal concerns related to data security in cloud computing?
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What types of security threats are associated with traditional cloud security?
What types of security threats are associated with traditional cloud security?
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Describe how system availability is threatened in cloud security.
Describe how system availability is threatened in cloud security.
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What is the significance of third-party data control in cloud security?
What is the significance of third-party data control in cloud security?
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Why is cost a significant concern when switching cloud service providers?
Why is cost a significant concern when switching cloud service providers?
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Study Notes
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
- Introduce the concept of cloud security
- Illustrate security concerns of cloud users
- Explain cloud security risks
Introduction
- Computer clouds are attractive targets for malicious actors
- Security is a major concern for current and potential cloud users
- Cloud computing is a new approach, which will necessitate new security methods
Introduction (cont.)
- Existing standards, regulations, and laws related to supporting new computing services, particularly utility computing, are not yet fully adopted.
- This creates many unresolved issues and uncertainties regarding trust, security, and privacy
- No international regulations exist for data security and privacy in the cloud.
- Data in the cloud can freely cross national borders between data centers of cloud service providers
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users
- Some believe cloud use eliminates computer security concerns and data integrity threats.
- They feel cloud users are better protected due to expert management of cloud security
- These opinions are not universally justified
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users (Major Concerns)
- Unauthorized access and data theft is a major concern, especially during storage, where data is vulnerable for long periods
- Data is vulnerable during processing, whereas security threats are relatively short term
- Attention needs to be paid to storage server security and data in transit
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users (Major Concerns) II
- Risk posed by rogue employees of Cloud Service Providers (CSPs)
- Cloud users worry about insider attacks due to the opacity of CSP's hiring and security practices.
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users (Major Concerns) III
- Users have limited control over data lifecycle management
- Users are unable to confirm complete data deletion
- Data may not be completely wiped, leaving the risk of confidential data recovery by subsequent users
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users (Major Concerns) IV
- Lack of standardization is a concern
- Questions remain regarding service interruption, price increases, and cost of moving between CSPs
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users (Multi-tenancy)
- Multi-tenancy, though improving server utilization, is a root cause of user concerns
- Threats caused by multi-tenancy vary between cloud delivery models
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users (Multi-tenancy - Example)
- Private information (names, addresses, phone numbers, credit card details) of multiple users are often stored on one server.
- Security breaches affecting one server compromise data of many users
Security, the Top Concern for Cloud Users (Legal Framework)
- The legal framework for enforcing cloud computing security is unclear and a legitimate concern to users
- Data centers are often located in various countries with laws that impact data security
Cloud Security Risks
- Clouds can be used to launch large-scale attacks against other components of cyber infrastructure
- Cloud security risks can be divided into three categories
Cloud Security Risks: Traditional security threats
- Traditional security threats affecting Internet-connected systems (e.g., DDoS, phishing, SQL injection, cross-site scripting) have amplified impact in cloud due to the vast scale of resources and user populations
Cloud Security Risks: Traditional security threats (cont.)
- The long list of user concerns includes fuzzy lines of responsibility between cloud service providers and users
- Difficulties in identifying the root cause of problems are prevalent
Cloud Security Risks: Threats related to system availability
- Cloud service availability is a significant concern
- System failures, power outages, and other major events can cause prolonged service disruptions
Cloud Security Risks: Threats related to system availability (cont.)
- Users lack assurance that applications hosted in the cloud will return accurate results
Cloud Security Risks: Threats related to third-party data control
- Third-party control introduces many concerns due to limited transparency and user control; subcontractors or suppliers are not always completely trustworthy
- Third-party subcontractors or hardware suppliers can cause data loss.
Top twelve cloud security threats
- Data breaches are devastating and relate to personally identifiable information, trade secrets, and intellectual property
- The greatest responsibility for ensuring data security remains with organizations that store data on the cloud
- Organizations should use multi-factor authentication and encryption to counter data breaches
Top twelve cloud security threats (cont.)
- Compromised credentials and weak authentication practices, including poor key and certificate management, lead to attacks
- Hacked interfaces and APIs pose risks to cloud security and availability, especially if third parties rely extensively on APIs
Top twelve cloud security threats (cont.)
- Exploiting vulnerabilities like resource sharing and multi tenancy compromises security, the cost to fix it may be lower but the damage caused by it is high
- Account hijacking requires tracking every transaction to the individual responsible for them
Top twelve cloud security threats (cont.)
- Malicious insiders are a threat due to administrator error or lack of clear segregation of duties within the cloud system
- Other threats include advanced persistent threats (APTs), permanent data loss, inappropriate diligence, cloud service misuse, denial of service (DoS) attacks, and joint technology usage
Privacy and Privacy Impact Assessment
- Privacy is the right of an individual, group or organization to control their private and proprietary information
- Privacy laws differ significantly from country to country
The main aspects of cloud privacy
- Lack of user control over data location and accessibility once data resides in a cloud provider's system, which may result in loss of data access
- Potential for unauthorized secondary use by the cloud provider or third parties, such as for targeted advertising
The main aspects of cloud privacy (cont.)
- Dynamic provisioning and outsourcing introduce many fuzzy issues on how providers of cloud computing services and users work together and on what responsibilities cloud and third-party subcontractors have
Cloud Data Encryption
- Cloud encryption is a data security process involving encoding plaintext data into unreadable cipher text to enhance security
- It's an effective means to ensure data privacy and to protect cloud data in transit and at rest
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts of cloud security, highlighting the risks and concerns that users may face when utilizing cloud services. It aims to provide an understanding of the security landscape, existing regulations, and the importance of data integrity in the cloud environment.