Cloud Deployment Models and AWS Overview

Public Cloud: Cloud services offered by third-party providers such as AWS, Google Cloud, and Azure. Provides scalability, flexibility and cost-effectiveness.
Private Cloud: Cloud services deployed within an organization's own data centers. Provides more control over data and security but requires significant investment.
Hybrid Cloud: Combines elements of both public and private clouds, allowing organizations to leverage the benefits of both. Offers flexibility and cost-optimization.
Multi-Cloud: Using multiple cloud service providers simultaneously. Provides greater flexibility and reduces vendor lock-in. Requires advanced management.

AWS Regions: Geographical locations where AWS data centers are located. Each region is designed to be isolated and independent from other regions.
Availability Zones: Distinct locations within a region which are physically separate. Each AZ has its own power, cooling, and networking infrastructure.

User Policy: Grants permissions to individual users.
Group Policy: Applies to groups of users.
Role Policy: Defines permissions for AWS roles.
Resource Policy: Controls access to specific resources.
Service-Linked Role Policy: Grants permissions to AWS services acting on your behalf.

General Purpose: Instances designed for a wide range of workloads.
Compute Optimized: Instances that provide high CPU performance.
Memory Optimized: Instances with large amounts of memory for demanding applications.
Storage Optimized: Instances with large storage capacity.
Accelerated Computing: Instances that feature GPUs, FPGAs, or other hardware accelerators.
Specialized: Instances designed for specific purposes such as high-performance computing.

Launch an EC2 Instance: In the AWS Management Console, navigate to the EC2 dashboard and click "Launch Instance."
Choose an AMI: Select an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) for your instance.
Select Instance Type: Choose an instance type based on your requirements.
Configure Instance Details: Configure settings such as network, storage, and security groups.
Add Storage: Choose a storage type and size for your instance.
Tag Your Instance: Add tags for organization and identification.
Configure Security Group: Define rules to allow inbound and outbound traffic to your instance.
Review and Launch: Review the instance details and launch the instance.
Connect to Your Instance: Use an SSH client to connect to the instance.

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC): A private network within AWS that is logically isolated from other VPCs. It provides more control over your network environment.

Internet Gateway: A gateway that connects your VPC to the internet. It allows your instances to communicate with the internet.

Bastion Host: A secure server located within a VPC that allows you to access other servers in the VPC securely. It acts as a gateway between the internet and the private network.

NAT Gateway: A service that provides NAT (Network Address Translation) for your instances. It allows instances in your private subnet to access the internet without having public IP addresses.

Subnet: A range of IP addresses within a VPC. They are used to segment your VPC into smaller, more manageable networks.

Create a VPC: Create the first VPC in your account.
Create a VPC: Create the second VPC in your account.
Create a Peering Connection: In the AWS Management Console, navigate to the VPC dashboard and click "Peering Connections."
Configure the Peering Connection: Provide information about the two VPCs involved.
Accept the Connection: Accept the connection to establish the peering connection.

Application Load Balancer (ALB): Handles HTTP and HTTPS traffic based on application-level information. Features include traffic routing, load balancing, and health checking.
Network Load Balancer (NLB): Handles TCP and UDP traffic based on the IP address and port. Provides low latency and high throughput.
Classic Load Balancer: An older load balancer that distributes traffic across instances in a single Availability Zone.
Global Accelerator: A service that improves latency and availability for applications with global users.

MySQL: Open-source relational database management system.
PostgreSQL: Another open-source, object-relational database system.
Oracle: A commercial relational database management system.
SQL Server: A commercial relational database management system developed by Microsoft.
MariaDB: A fork of the MySQL database.
Amazon Aurora: AWS’s own relational database system, designed for high performance and scalability, compatible with MySQL and PostgreSQL.

Create an S3 Bucket: Create an S3 bucket in the AWS Management Console.
Create an Index Document: Place an index.html (or other specified index document) in the root directory of your bucket.
Configure Website Hosting: Go to the bucket's properties and select the "Static Website Hosting" option.
Enable Website Hosting: Enable website hosting and specify the index document.
Set Permissions: Set permissions on the bucket to allow public access.
Upload Content: Upload your website files to the bucket.
Get Your Bucket URL: Retrieve the bucket URL to access your website.

Standard: The most common storage class, it offers high availability and durability with an optimal balance between performance and cost.
Standard-IA: Ideal for infrequently accessed data, offering lower cost than Standard, but with slightly higher retrieval cost.
Reduced Redundancy Storage (RRS): A storage class with lower cost compared with Standard, suitable for data with lower durability requirements.
Glacier: Designed for archival data, it offers the lowest cost but with higher retrieval latency.
Glacier Deep Archive: The lowest cost option but with the longest retrieval time, good for data that is rarely accessed.
Intelligent Tiering: A storage class that automatically selects the best pricing tier based on access patterns.

Bucket: A container that stores objects in Amazon S3.
Key: A unique identifier for an object within a bucket.
Versioning: A feature that allows you to create and store multiple versions of an object.
Object: A file or binary data stored in an S3 bucket.
Bucket Policy: A JSON document that defines access control policies for a specific S3 bucket.

Definition: A network of servers distributed geographically which store copies of your content, enabling delivery to users with low latency.
Advantages:
- Improved Performance: Caching content closer to users reduces latency.
- Reduced Bandwidth Costs: Caching content reduces the load on your origin server.
- Increased Reliability: CDN servers provide redundancy and improve availability.
- Global Reach: CDN servers can deliver content to users worldwide.
- Enhanced Security: CDNs can help mitigate DDoS attacks.