Cloud Computing Standards and Security

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of cloud computing?

  • To exclusively use local servers for data processing.
  • To enhance the processing capabilities of personal computers only.
  • To utilize remote servers hosted on the Internet for storing, managing, and processing data (correct)
  • To restrict access to data from multiple locations.

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?

  • It is a simple security measure typically installed on personal computers.
  • It relies on a single compromised system to flood a network.
  • It is often carried out using a network of comprised systems, sometimes known as Zombie systems. (correct)
  • It primarily targets the physical hardware of a server.

Why are connection-oriented protocols like TCP often used in Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks?

  • They are not typically used in DDoS attacks.
  • They are less expensive and cause less damage compared to other protocols.
  • They are more expensive and can cause more damage through sockets and connections. (correct)
  • They are easier to trace and block.

What is a common solution for mitigating Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks?

<p>Implementing firewalls with Deep Packet Inspection and an effective network design, such as DMZs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of obfuscation in cloud computing security?

<p>To semantically preserve the transformation of a data payload in a way that hides the extraction of information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an obfuscation tool mentioned?

<p>Oxyry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Virtual Private Network (VPN)?

<p>To provide a simulation of a private network over a public network, granting access to authorized users. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which security method is used by VPNs to ensure data privacy?

<p>Limited-access IP Tunnel and Encryption of data within the VPN network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in network security?

<p>To separate a section of the network that is accessible from the outside, providing a layer of security. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which types of servers are commonly located in a DMZ?

<p>Web servers, email servers, and FTP servers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to disable unneeded ports and services on a cloud server??

<p>To reduce the attack surface and potential vulnerabilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When configuring firewall rules, what is the best practice regarding incoming traffic?

<p>Only allow required ports and IPs for incoming traffic. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the netstat command primarily help with in cloud computing security?

<p>Checking and verifying port settings and active network connections. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cloud security standards, what does 'least privilege' refer to?

<p>Granting users only the minimum level of access necessary to perform their job functions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is multi-factor authentication (MFA) an important security measure for cloud environments?

<p>It provides an extra layer of security beyond just a password. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of intrusion detection systems (IDS) and intrusion prevention systems (IPS) in cloud security?

<p>To monitor network traffic for suspicious activity and automatically take preventative actions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of regular security audits in maintaining cloud security?

<p>They provide a snapshot of the current security posture and identify areas for improvement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of data encryption at rest in cloud storage?

<p>To protect data from unauthorized access if the storage medium is compromised. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'zombie system' in the context of DDoS attacks?

<p>A comprised system used to carry out the attack. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a firewall in cloud security, particularly concerning Deep Packet Inspection (DPI)?

<p>To analyze the data part of network packets for malicious code or policy violations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cloud Computing

Using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)

A sophisticated security attack carried out using several compromised systems (known as Zombie systems) through Connection-oriented protocols (TCP).

Obfuscation

Methods used to semantically preserve transformation of a data payload into such a form that hides extraction of information from the data.

DMZ (Demilitarized Zone)

A virtual or physical connection that separates a section of network which is accessible from outside.

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Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Simulation of a private network over a public network (Internet) where specific users are granted access.

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Restrict Port Access

Allowing only required ports for incoming traffic helps improve security by limiting potential access points for malicious attacks.

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Netstat

Used to check and verify port settings and network connections.

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Code Obfuscation

Technique where code is transformed into a semantically equivalent form that is more difficult for humans to understand.

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Single Firewall

Network configuration using one firewall to separate the internal LAN from the DMZ and the external network.

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Dual Firewall

Network configuration with two firewalls creating a perimeter network.

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Study Notes

  • Cloud computing involves using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, instead of using a local server or a personal computer.

Course Learning Objectives

  • Discuss cloud computing standards, security, the business in cloud computing and methods of planning for cloud integration.

Cloud Computing Standards and Security

  • Focuses on cloud computing standards and security

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)

  • DDoS is a sophisticated security attack.
  • It uses several comprised systems, known as Zombie systems.
  • DDoS attacks are often carried out through Connection-oriented protocols (TCP), that can cause significant damage through sockets and connections.
  • Firewalls can be used as a solution with Deep Packet Inspection and effective network designs (DMZs, layered network).

Obfuscation

  • It involves methods used to semantically preserve transformation of a data payload.
  • It hides extraction of information from the data.
  • Oxyry, PyMinify, and Opy are examples of obfuscation techniques

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

  • It is a simulation of a private network over a public network.
  • It grants users access to specific resources.
  • VPNs use limited-access IP Tunnels to only allow IPs and authorized users.
  • Security also relies on encryption of data within the VPN.

Single vs Dual Firewall

  • Presents a comparison between using a single firewall versus a dual firewall setup for network security.

DMZ (Demilitarized Zone)

  • DMZ is a virtual or physical connection.
  • It separates a section of a network accessible from the outside, enhancing security.
  • DMZs are mainly used for: Web servers, Email servers, FTP servers, VoIP servers, and Game Servers

Disabling Unneeded Ports and Services

  • Securing involves allowing only required ports and IPs for incoming traffic.

Checking and Verifying Port Settings

  • Netstat tool is used to check and verify port settings for network connections.

Cloud Security Best Practices

How Does DDOS Work

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