Cloud Computing Security and Services Quiz
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In an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model, what is a key security responsibility typically handled by the customer?

  • Configuration of access controls (correct)
  • Operating system patching
  • Database management
  • Firewall configuration

    • Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a use case for Platform as a Service (PaaS)?

  • A company needs to manage its own servers and networking hardware.
  • A business seeks to license software on a subscription basis for centralized hosting.
  • A developer wants to focus solely on writing and deploying code without managing the underlying infrastructure. (correct)
  • An organization requires complete control over every aspect of its IT infrastructure, including physical security.

    • Which service model aligns with a centrally hosted software licensed on a subscription or pay-as-you-go basis?

  • Platform as a Service (PaaS)
  • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
  • Function as a Service (FaaS)
  • Software as a Service (SaaS) (correct)

    • Consider a scenario where an organization wants to minimize its operational overhead related to database administration. Which service would best suit this requirement?

    <p>Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An organization aims to build a highly customizable and isolated network environment within a public cloud. Which service would enable them to achieve this?

    <p>Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company is deploying a web application that serves dynamic content globally. They want to minimize latency for users across different geographical regions. Which AWS service is most suitable for this requirement?

    <p>AWS CloudFront (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An organization is concerned about protecting sensitive data both when it's being transferred and when it's stored. According to the AWS Well-Architected Framework, what is the recommended approach?

    <p>Protect data in transit and at rest. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the shared responsibility model, which of the following security aspects is primarily the responsibility of AWS?

    <p>Managing the physical security of data centers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company wants to ensure that its security practices are consistently applied across its AWS environment. According to the AWS Well-Architected Framework, which design principle should they prioritize?

    <p>Automate security best practices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An organization is planning to migrate a highly sensitive application to AWS and needs to restrict direct access to the underlying data. Which security principle of the AWS Well-Architected Framework is most relevant?

    <p>Keep people away from data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company distributes software updates through their website, which is hosted on AWS. To ensure that users receive updates from the closest server, improving download speeds, which service should they implement?

    <p>AWS CloudFront (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A security team is designing a strategy to quickly understand the impact of potential security breaches. Which of the AWS Well-Architected Framework’s security design principles directly supports this goal?

    <p>Enable traceability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios best describes a cloud consumer's responsibility in the AWS shared responsibility model?

    <p>Managing user permissions and access to data stored in S3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An organization is implementing a new security strategy and wants to use multiple layers of security controls. According to the AWS Well-Architected Framework, which design principle aligns with this goal?

    <p>Apply security at all layers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does client-side encryption and data integrity measures contribute to overall system security?

    <p>By protecting data during transit and at rest on the client's end, ensuring that it has not been tampered with before reaching the server. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary security objectives are addressed by server-side encryption, file system integrity checks, and robust authentication mechanisms?

    <p>Protecting data at rest, maintaining its integrity, and verifying user identities to prevent unauthorized access. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS) within an OS or host-based firewall?

    <p>To identify and automatically respond to malicious activity, preventing potential security breaches. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does proper account management, including login and permission settings, contribute to a robust security posture?

    <p>By segmenting user access, ensuring that individuals only have the necessary permissions to perform their duties, thus limiting the potential impact of compromised accounts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of network traffic management and security, what role do security group configurations play?

    <p>They act as virtual firewalls to control inbound and outbound traffic at the instance level, enhancing network security. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of customer-configurable aspects of operating systems, networks, and firewalls in a cloud environment?

    <p>It allows customers to tailor security settings and configurations to meet specific compliance requirements and security policies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do operating system and host-based firewalls enhance the security of a system?

    <p>By controlling network traffic at the host level, preventing unauthorized access to and from individual machines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios demonstrates the most effective use of encryption and data integrity measures?

    <p>Implementing encryption for data in transit and at rest, along with integrity checks to detect any unauthorized modifications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential security risk is primarily mitigated through robust network configurations?

    <p>Data breaches resulting from poorly configured network devices and unauthorized network access. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the principle of least privilege relate to account management and overall system security?

    <p>It minimizes the potential damage from compromised accounts by granting users only the permissions necessary to perform their specific job duties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the AWS Shared Responsibility Model, which of the following tasks falls under AWS's responsibility?

    <p>Maintaining the physical security of data centers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Considering the AWS Shared Responsibility Model, if a company's database hosted on AWS experiences a breach due to unpatched OS vulnerabilities, who is primarily responsible?

    <p>The customer, for failing to maintain the EC2 instance OS. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of security would a customer typically manage within the 'security in the cloud' portion of the AWS Shared Responsibility Model?

    <p>Identity and Access Management (IAM) configurations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An organization is using AWS to host a customer-facing web application. According to the Shared Responsibility Model, which of the following actions is AWS primarily responsible for?

    <p>Securing the underlying hardware infrastructure where the application runs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company wants to ensure compliance with data residency requirements when using AWS. How does the Shared Responsibility Model apply in this scenario?

    <p>AWS is responsible for the physical location of the data centers, while the customer is responsible for configuring services to store data in the desired region. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A security consultant is advising a company on how to secure their data in AWS S3. According to the Shared Responsibility Model, which of the following recommendations aligns with the customer’s responsibilities?

    <p>Implement proper access controls and encryption methods for the data stored in S3. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company is planning to use AWS Lambda to run serverless applications. How does this affect their responsibilities under the Shared Responsibility Model, compared to using EC2 instances?

    <p>Using Lambda reduces the customer's responsibility to securing the application code and data, as AWS handles the underlying infrastructure security. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the AWS Shared Responsibility Model apply to an organization using AWS for disaster recovery?

    <p>AWS is responsible for the availability of the infrastructure, while the organization is responsible for configuring and testing their disaster recovery plan. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API calls within their AWS environment. According to the Shared Responsibility Model, who is responsible for enabling and configuring CloudTrail?

    <p>The customer, to ensure proper monitoring and auditing of their AWS environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the AWS Shared Responsibility Model, what is AWS responsible for regarding compliance?

    <p>Providing a compliant infrastructure that customers can use to build their own compliant applications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary architectural principle behind AWS Regions that ensures high availability and fault tolerance?

    <p>Each AWS Region is completely isolated from other regions, containing multiple Availability Zones for redundancy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors should be considered when selecting an AWS Region for deploying an application?

    <p>Proximity to end-users, compliance requirements, and the specific services offered in each Region. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Availability Zones (AZs) contribute to disaster recovery and business continuity?

    <p>AZs are designed to operate independently in terms of network and power, allowing for redundancy within a Region. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between 'resiliency' and 'redundancy' in the context of AWS infrastructure?

    <p>Resiliency is the ability to maintain performance during disruptions, while redundancy involves having multiple copies of data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does leveraging multiple Availability Zones within an AWS Region enhance the availability of an application compared to deploying it in a single Availability Zone?

    <p>Utilizing multiple AZs ensures that the application remains available even if one AZ experiences a failure or outage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a Content Delivery Network (CDN) play in enhancing the user experience for applications hosted on AWS?

    <p>CDNs store data geographically closer to users, reducing latency and improving access speed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what ways might compliance requirements influence the selection of an AWS Region for data storage and processing?

    <p>Compliance requirements may mandate that data be stored and processed within a specific geographic region to adhere to local laws and regulations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    AWS Regions

    Geographic areas where AWS resources are deployed, isolated from each other.

    Availability Zones (AZs)

    Multiple distinct locations within an AWS Region, each independent in power and network.

    Latency

    The delay between an action and a response in the network.

    Global Infrastructure

    AWS's heavy deployment that spans multiple regions and availability zones worldwide.

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    High Availability

    System design that ensures operational uptime through redundancy across AZs or Regions.

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    Resiliency

    The ability of a system to remain operational during disasters or failures.

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    Content Delivery Network (CDN)

    A distributed system that stores data geographically near consumers to improve access speed.

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    AWS CloudFront

    A global Content Delivery Network that delivers content based on user location.

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    Edge Locations

    Geographical locations where CloudFront caches resources to reduce loading times.

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    Caching

    Storing copies of files at edge locations to improve access speed.

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    Content Delivery

    Sending web content to users as quickly as possible based on their location.

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    Security Pillar

    Part of AWS Well-Architected Framework focused on security best practices.

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    Shared Responsibility Model

    Division of security responsibilities between AWS and the cloud user.

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    Data Protection Methods

    Practices like data encryption and access control to secure sensitive information.

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    Traceability

    The ability to track actions and changes in cloud security.

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    Automation in Security

    Using tools to apply security best practices without manual intervention.

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    AWS Shared Responsibility Model

    A framework that delineates the security responsibilities between AWS and its customers.

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    AWS Responsibilities

    Tasks AWS is responsible for, including physical security and infrastructure management.

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    Customer Responsibilities

    Tasks customers must manage, such as application security and data management.

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    Physical Security of Data Centers

    Protection measures for AWS data centers including access control and surveillance.

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    Hardware and Software Infrastructure

    AWS is responsible for the underlying devices and programs that support services.

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    Network Infrastructure

    AWS ensures the security of its network components against unauthorized access.

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    Virtualization Infrastructure

    Includes methods that ensure isolation between different virtual instances.

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    Amazon EC2 Security

    Customers are responsible for securing their EC2 instances, including OS maintenance.

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    IAM (Identity and Access Management)

    Controls user access to AWS resources, ensuring secure application management.

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    Application Security

    Responsibilities include secure coding practices and managing application vulnerabilities.

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    Operating System (OS)

    Software that manages hardware and software resources on a device.

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    Network Traffic

    Data transmitted over a network between devices.

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    Firewall Configuration

    Settings that control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

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    Security Group

    A set of firewall rules that control traffic for AWS resources.

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    Encryption

    The process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.

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    Data Integrity

    The accuracy and consistency of data over its lifecycle.

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    Authentication

    The process of verifying the identity of a user or system.

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    Account Management

    Administration of user access and permissions in a system.

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    Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

    Monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and alerts administrators.

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    Host-based Firewall

    A firewall implemented on individual hosts or devices to monitor and control incoming and outgoing traffic.

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    Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

    A cloud service model where the customer manages networking and storage configurations while AWS provides the infrastructure.

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    Platform as a Service (PaaS)

    A cloud service model where AWS manages the underlying infrastructure, allowing customers to focus on application management.

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    Software as a Service (SaaS)

    A cloud model where software is centrally hosted and accessed via subscription or pay-as-you-go model.

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    Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)

    A storage service for Amazon EC2 that allows customers to manage storage volumes and data persistently.

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    Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

    A service that allows customers to provision a logically isolated section of the AWS cloud for their resources.

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    Study Notes

    AWS Global Infrastructure

    • AWS infrastructure is deployed globally.
    • The infrastructure is structured around AWS Regions.
    • Each AWS Region comprises multiple Availability Zones (AZs)
    • Data centers locate within these AZs within each region.
    • This global structure minimizes latency (delay between action and response).
    • Each region is isolated from others.
    • Resources and data storage can be placed across multiple regions and AZs within a region.
    • AZs are geographically separated within a region, mostly in low-risk flood plains.

    Content Delivery Network (CDN)

    • Data is distributed geographically, stored close to consumers.
    • This approach accelerates content access.

    AWS CloudFront

    • A global CDN service.
    • It determines user location and routes traffic to the nearest cached location for rapid loading.
    • Content delivery depends on user location, website origin, and CDN server location.
    • CloudFront integrates with other AWS services for optimal performance and security.
    • CloudFront uses edge locations worldwide to cache resources for quicker user access near the location.

    Security

    • The AWS Well-Architected Framework includes security as a core pillar.
    • It entails establishing a strong identity foundation, enabling traceability, and implementing security measures at all levels.
    • Automation of security best practices and protection of data in transit and at rest are crucial components.
    • Separating users from sensitive data is vital to security.
    • AWS service providers provide a range of security tools.

    Shared Responsibility Model

    • Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) are responsible for securing the cloud infrastructure.
    • Their responsibilities include the data center, data isolation, and network security within the data centers.
    • Cloud consumers are responsible for securing their data and applications in the cloud.
    • Their responsibilities include direct user access rights management, data backup, and restoration.

    AWS Security & Compliance

    • The AWS Cloud employs a shared responsibility model.
    • AWS manages the cloud's security, but consumers bear responsibility for the security of their applications, data, and networks.
    • AWS offers tools and features for network security, configuration management, access control, and data encryption.
    • AWS environments undergo continuous audit with certifications from accreditation bodies.

    Cloud Service Models

    • Traditional IT: Customer manages all aspects of the infrastructure, applications, and data.
    • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Customers manage application, data, and runtime layers while AWS manages the infrastructure.
    • Platform as a Service (PaaS): Customers manage applications and data while AWS manages the platform.
    • Software as a Service (SaaS): Customers manage data while AWS manages the entire software service.

    Access Management

    • Authentication: Verifying user identity using credentials.
    • Authorization: Determining authorized access level based on identity.
    • Principle of Least Privilege: Granting only essential permissions.

    AWS CloudWatch Monitoring

    • Monitors the utilization and status of resources under AWS management.
    • CloudWatch Agent gathers metrics at the system level for Amazon EC2 instances and on-premises servers.
    • Event-based and time-based monitoring mechanisms exist.

    AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

    • Securely manages user and group access to AWS resources.
    • Integrates with most AWS services.
    • Supports federated identity management and granular permissions.
    • Enables Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA).
    • Provides identity information for assurance and compliance audits.

    Data Security

    • Data at rest: Secure storage for data.
    • Data in transit: Secured data movement between systems.
    • Mechanisms for key management, encryption, access controls, and data auditing are employed.

    AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS)

    • Facilitates cryptographic key creation and management.
    • Utilizes hardware security modules (HSMs) for key protection.
    • Integrates with other AWS services.
    • Enables customized usage policies for determining user key access.

    Logging and Monitoring

    • Logs capture activity and event data for specific services.
    • Monitoring continuously verifies security and performance.
    • AWS provides services for comprehensive visibility into issues.

    CloudWatch Dashboard

    • Presents data about the running AWS ecosystem.
    • Leverages existing monitoring tools.

    AWS CloudTrail

    • Logs and monitors account activity across AWS infrastructure.
    • Records API calls from most AWS services, including Console and CLI.
    • Automatically uploads logs to S3.
    • Tracks events across AWS services.
    • Provides analysis tools and identifies issues like unauthorized access or configuration changes.

    Amazon CloudWatch

    • A unified monitoring and observability service for AWS resources.
    • Provides system-level metrics from both AWS resources and pre-existing on-premise systems.
    • Provides customization features for logs and events.

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    DAB 202 IT Service Management (Week 2) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on cloud computing models including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS). This quiz covers key security responsibilities, use cases, and service models in cloud environments. Challenge yourself to understand the nuances of cloud services and their applications.

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