18 Questions
What is the main characteristic of a public cloud?
Made available to the general public
In cloud computing, what is the purpose of a hybrid cloud?
Load balancing between clouds
What is the role of a hypervisor in virtualization?
Intercepting and emulating instructions from VMs
Which technology enables multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine?
Para-virtualization
What does a virtualized stack in a data center consist of?
Hypervisor Hardware
How are cloud and virtualization technologies related?
Virtualization enables efficient use of physical resources by creating virtual instances
What are some advantages of virtual machines mentioned in the text?
Ability to run more operating systems than physically available
Why is cloud-sourcing becoming important according to the text?
Due to rapid scalability and incremental cost
What are some concerns related to cloud-sourcing mentioned in the text?
Issues related to privacy and security
Why are several large Web companies now offering cloud storage services as per the text?
Because they have excess data storage capacity
Which of the following is not mentioned as an advantage of using virtual machines in the text?
Faster internet browsing
What is one of the concerns raised about cloud-sourcing in the text besides privacy and security?
Lack of control regarding data and service parameters
What is the main focus of Cloud Security?
Identity and Access Management
Which term refers to a field of computing science that studies distributed systems?
Distributed Computing
What is a key characteristic of a Distributed System?
Each entity has its own local memory
Which computing model involves multiple computational entities communicating through message passing?
Distributed Computing
What is the primary focus of Infrastructure Security in Cloud Computing?
Securing the physical cloud data centers
What differentiates Centralized Computing from Distributed Computing?
Centralized Computing uses shared memory, while Distributed Computing has autonomous entities with local memory.
Study Notes
Cloud Computing
- Public cloud: cloud infrastructure made available to the general public, e.g., Google Doc, Spreadsheet
- Hybrid cloud: composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public), e.g., Cloud Bursting for load balancing between clouds
Virtualization and Virtual Workspaces
- Virtual Workspaces: abstraction of an execution environment, dynamically available to authorized clients using well-defined protocols
- Resource quota: e.g., CPU, memory share
- Software configuration: e.g., OS
- Implement on Virtual Machines (VMs): abstraction of a physical host machine, hypervisor intercepts and emulates instructions from VMs, and allows management of VMs
- Examples of VM software: VMware, Xen, KVM
Virtual Machines
- VM technology allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine
- Guest OS: e.g., Linux, NetBSD, Windows
- Hypervisor: e.g., Xen, VMware Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)
Advantages of Virtual Machines
- Run operating systems where the physical hardware is unavailable
- Easier to create new machines, backup machines, etc.
- Software testing using “clean” installs of operating systems and software
- Emulate more machines than are physically available
- Timeshare lightly loaded systems on one host
- Debug problems (suspend and resume the problem machine)
- Easy migration of virtual machines (shutdown needed or not)
- Run legacy systems
Cloud-Sourcing
- Importance: using high-scale/low-cost providers, any time/place access via web browser, rapid scalability, incremental cost and load sharing
- Concerns: performance, reliability, and SLAs, control of data, and service parameters, application features and choices, interaction between Cloud providers, no standard API, privacy, security, compliance, trust
Cloud Storage
- Large Web companies exploiting excess data storage capacity for hire
- Allows data stored remotely to be temporarily cached on devices
Cloud Security
- Infrastructure Security
- Data security and Storage
- Identity and Access Management
- Access Control, Trust, Reputation, Risk
Trends in Computing
- Distributed Computing
- Grid Computing
- Cluster Computing
- Utility Computing
- Cloud Computing
- Fog Computing
Distributed Computing
- Field of computing science that studies distributed systems
- Use of distributed systems to solve computational problems
- Distributed system: autonomous computational entities, each with its own local memory, communicating with each other by message passing
Test your knowledge on cloud computing concepts such as public cloud, hybrid cloud, and virtual workspaces. Learn about different cloud infrastructures and their applications in the technological landscape.
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