Cloud Computing Architecture

Cloud Architecture

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): provides virtualized computing resources over the internet
• Platform as a Service (PaaS): provides a complete platform for developing and deploying applications
• Software as a Service (SaaS): provides software applications over the internet
• Deployment models: Public, Private, Hybrid, and Community Clouds
• Key components: Front-end (client-side), Back-end (server-side), and Middleware (connects front-end and back-end)

Cloud Computing Services

• IaaS providers: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
• PaaS providers: Heroku, Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure
• SaaS providers: Salesforce, Microsoft Office 365, Google Workspace
• Cloud brokerage services: acts as an intermediary between cloud providers and customers

Cloud Security

• Security concerns: data breaches, unauthorized access, data loss, and compliance
• Security measures: encryption, firewalls, access controls, and auditing
• Compliance and governance: HIPAA, PCI-DSS, and GDPR

Recent Trends in Computing

• Grid computing: coordinates resources across multiple organizations
• Cluster computing: groups computers to achieve high performance
• Distributed computing: breaks down complex tasks into smaller tasks executed on multiple computers
• Utility computing: provides computing resources on-demand, similar to cloud computing
• Cloud computing: provides on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources

Evolution of Cloud Computing

• 1960s: concept of remote computing and virtualization emerged
• 1990s: internet and web-based services gained popularity
• 2000s: cloud computing started to take shape with the introduction of IaaS and PaaS
• 2010s: cloud computing became mainstream with the rise of SaaS and public cloud providers

Cloud Computing (NIST Model)

• Introduction to cloud computing: on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources
• History: from remote computing to cloud computing
• CSPs (Cloud Service Providers): Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

Properties, Characteristics, and Disadvantages

• Properties: on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service
• Characteristics: scalability, flexibility, and multi-tenancy
• Disadvantages: security risks, vendor lock-in, and dependence on internet connectivity

Benefits, Risks, and Challenges

• Benefits: cost savings, increased agility, and scalability
• Risks: security breaches, data loss, and vendor lock-in
• Challenges: integration with existing systems, SLA management, and compliance

Cloud Computing vs Cluster Computing vs Grid Computing

• Cloud computing: provides on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources
• Cluster computing: groups computers to achieve high performance
• Grid computing: coordinates resources across multiple organizations

Open Standards

• Importance of open standards: ensures interoperability, portability, and scalability
• Examples of open standards: Open Virtualization Format (OVF), Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) STAR, and Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI)

Cloud Architecture

• IaaS: provides virtualized computing resources, such as servers, storage, and networking, over the internet
• PaaS: provides a complete platform for developing and deploying applications, including tools, libraries, and infrastructure
• SaaS: provides software applications over the internet, eliminating the need for local installation and maintenance
• Deployment models: Public Cloud (third-party provider), Private Cloud (single organization), Hybrid Cloud (combination of public and private), and Community Cloud (shared among multiple organizations)
• Key components: Front-end (client-side), Back-end (server-side), and Middleware (connects front-end and back-end)

Cloud Computing Services

• IaaS providers: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP) offer virtualized computing resources
• PaaS providers: Heroku, Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure provide a complete platform for developing and deploying applications
• SaaS providers: Salesforce, Microsoft Office 365, Google Workspace offer software applications over the internet
• Cloud brokerage services: act as an intermediary between cloud providers and customers, helping to select and manage cloud services

Cloud Security

• Security concerns: data breaches, unauthorized access, data loss, and compliance issues
• Security measures: encryption, firewalls, access controls, and auditing to protect cloud resources
• Compliance and governance: regulations such as HIPAA, PCI-DSS, and GDPR ensure cloud security and compliance

Recent Trends in Computing

• Grid computing: coordinates resources across multiple organizations to achieve high performance and scalability
• Cluster computing: groups computers to achieve high performance and scalability
• Distributed computing: breaks down complex tasks into smaller tasks executed on multiple computers
• Utility computing: provides computing resources on-demand, similar to cloud computing
• Cloud computing: provides on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources

Evolution of Cloud Computing

• 1960s: concept of remote computing and virtualization emerged
• 1990s: internet and web-based services gained popularity
• 2000s: cloud computing started to take shape with the introduction of IaaS and PaaS
• 2010s: cloud computing became mainstream with the rise of SaaS and public cloud providers

Cloud Computing (NIST Model)

• Introduction to cloud computing: on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources
• History: development of cloud computing from remote computing to cloud computing
• CSPs (Cloud Service Providers): Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP) offer cloud services

Properties, Characteristics, and Disadvantages

• Properties: on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service
• Characteristics: scalability, flexibility, and multi-tenancy
• Disadvantages: security risks, vendor lock-in, and dependence on internet connectivity

Benefits, Risks, and Challenges

• Benefits: cost savings, increased agility, and scalability
• Risks: security breaches, data loss, and vendor lock-in
• Challenges: integration with existing systems, SLA management, and compliance

Cloud Computing vs Cluster Computing vs Grid Computing

• Cloud computing: provides on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources
• Cluster computing: groups computers to achieve high performance and scalability
• Grid computing: coordinates resources across multiple organizations to achieve high performance and scalability

Open Standards

• Importance of open standards: ensures interoperability, portability, and scalability
• Examples of open standards: Open Virtualization Format (OVF), Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) STAR, and Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI)

This quiz covers the basics of cloud architecture, including IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, deployment models, and key components such as front-end, back-end, and middleware.