CLIN.PARASITOLOGY: Malaria

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Questions and Answers

Which parasite causes Blackwater fever or malarial hemoglobinuria, a dangerous complication of malaria?

  • Plasmodium ovale
  • Plasmodium vivax
  • Plasmodium falciparum (correct)
  • Plasmodium malariae

What is the least frequent type of malaria among humans, mostly acquired in Western Africa, India, or South America?

  • Plasmodium vivax
  • Plasmodium malariae
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Plasmodium ovale (correct)

During a malarial attack, what occurs over 6-10 hours due to the synchronous rupture of erythrocytes?

  • Increased heart rate
  • Formation of blood clots
  • Resolution of fever (correct)
  • Onset of diarrhea

Which species of Plasmodium is found throughout Southeast Asia and is the most common cause of human Malaria in Malaysia?

<p>Plasmodium knowlesi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Plasmodium species occurs principally in tropical areas worldwide and is one of the most dangerous complications of malaria?

<p>Plasmodium falciparum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mosquito exclusively spreads malaria?

<p>Female Anopheline mosquitoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of G6PD deficiency on red blood cells?

<p>Increased oxidative stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region is Plasmodium knowlesi the most common cause of human malaria?

<p>Malaysia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Plasmodium species is most closely related to P.knowlesi?

<p>Plasmodium vivax (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment commonly recommended for P.knowlesi malaria?

<p>Chloroquine or artemisinin combination therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can humans become infected with P.knowlesi?

<p>By being fed upon by infected mosquitoes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is P.knowlesi malaria considered an emerging disease?

<p>Because it was previously thought to be rare in humans but is now recognized as a major health burden (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are individuals with the AS genotype resistant to Falciparum malaria?

<p>Their red blood cells sickle after infection, making them less susceptible to the parasite. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Duffy blood group determinants in protecting against certain types of malaria infections?

<p>They act as chemokine receptors, preventing the entry of Plasmodium species. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency contribute to protection against malaria?

<p>It causes the rupture of red blood cells, limiting the spread of the infection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why individuals lacking Duffy blood group determinants have resistance to malaria?

<p>They have a higher frequency of Fy(a-b-) in their population. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the sickling of red blood cells contribute to resistance against Falciparum malaria?

<p>It increases the likelihood of hemolysis, which eliminates infected cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do Africans and Arabs have a higher frequency of being Fy(a-b-) compared to other populations?

<p>They have evolved a resistance due to historical exposure to malaria. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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