Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of clinical pharmacokinetics?

  • To design individualized dosage regimens that optimize therapeutic response and minimize adverse reactions (correct)
  • To develop new antibiotics
  • To understand the mechanisms of drug interactions
  • To study the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs

What phenomenon occurs when steady-state concentrations increase more than expected after a dosage increase?

  • Saturable or Michaelis-Menten pharmacokinetics (correct)
  • Autoinduction
  • Nonlinear pharmacokinetics
  • Linear pharmacokinetics

What type of pharmacokinetics do drugs like valproic acid and disopyramide exhibit?

  • Autoinduction
  • Saturable plasma protein binding (correct)
  • Linear pharmacokinetics
  • Nonlinear pharmacokinetics

Why are drugs that exhibit nonlinear pharmacokinetics difficult to dose correctly?

<p>Because their pharmacokinetics are unpredictable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the pharmacokinetics of Curacillin based on the provided data?

<p>It follows linear pharmacokinetics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of clearance in pharmacokinetics?

<p>The volume of serum or blood completely cleared of the drug per unit time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the maintenance dose (MD) of a drug?

<p>MD = Cl x Css (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is responsible for drug metabolism?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the extraction ratio (ER) of a drug?

<p>ER = (Cin - Cout)/Cin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total clearance (Cl) of a drug that is metabolized by the liver and eliminated by the kidney?

<p>Cl = ClH + ClR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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