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Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

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Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of clinical pharmacokinetics?

To design individualized dosage regimens that optimize therapeutic response and minimize adverse reactions (correct)

To develop new antibiotics

To understand the mechanisms of drug interactions

To study the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs

What phenomenon occurs when steady-state concentrations increase more than expected after a dosage increase?

Saturable or Michaelis-Menten pharmacokinetics (correct)

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Nonlinear pharmacokinetics

Linear pharmacokinetics

What type of pharmacokinetics do drugs like valproic acid and disopyramide exhibit?

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Saturable plasma protein binding (correct)

Linear pharmacokinetics

Nonlinear pharmacokinetics

Why are drugs that exhibit nonlinear pharmacokinetics difficult to dose correctly?

Because their pharmacokinetics are unpredictable Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the pharmacokinetics of Curacillin based on the provided data?

It follows linear pharmacokinetics Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of clearance in pharmacokinetics?

The volume of serum or blood completely cleared of the drug per unit time Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the maintenance dose (MD) of a drug?

MD = Cl x Css Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is responsible for drug metabolism?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the extraction ratio (ER) of a drug?

ER = (Cin - Cout)/Cin Signup and view all the answers

What is the total clearance (Cl) of a drug that is metabolized by the liver and eliminated by the kidney?

Cl = ClH + ClR Signup and view all the answers