18 Questions
What is a sign of accommodative excess?
A lead of accommodation or FCC test equals plano
What is the normal response range for the magnitude of the lens required to neutralize the reflex?
0.33 ± 0.34D
What does a plus lens indicate during the neutralization of the reflex?
A lag of accommodation
What is a consideration during the neutralization of the reflex?
Interpose lenses briefly to avoid altering the accommodative stimulus
What does a minus lens indicate during the neutralization of the reflex?
A lead of accommodation
What may a variable response during the neutralization of the reflex indicate?
Both an unstable accommodative system and uncorrected refractive error
What might a clinician suspect if a patient exhibits reduced accommodative amplitudes and high lag of accommodation as per Hofstetter's minimum?
Accommodative Insufficiency
What may lead a clinician to suspect accommodative dysfunction in a patient?
Elevated positive relative accommodation (PRA)
What action would be most appropriate during the Monocular Estimation Method procedure to assess for accommodative dysfunction?
Position an appropriate MEM card on the retinoscope and place it 40cm from the patient
What is a possible clinical implication of a patient having an inability or reduced ability to clear minus lenses during accommodative facility testing?
Accommodative Insufficiency
In which scenario might a patient exhibit an elevated Negative Relative Accommodation (NRA)?
Reduced accommodative amplitudes based on Hofstetter's minimum
When might a clinician suspect that a patient has reduced vergence ranges?
When inconsistencies exist between entering acuity and refractive error
Which of the following is NOT a type of accommodative dysfunction according to the text?
Accommodative fatigue
What is the recommended management for accommodative dysfunction according to the text?
Depends on the presence or absence of an associated binocular problem and the specific type of accommodative dysfunction
What is a common symptom of accommodative dysfunction according to the text?
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT a sign of accommodative dysfunction according to the text?
Blurred distance vision
Which type of accommodative dysfunction is characterized by a tendency to fall asleep or lose concentration when reading?
Accommodative fatigue
What is the relationship between accommodative dysfunction and binocular disorders according to the text?
Accommodative dysfunction may be present in isolation or in combination with other binocular disorders
Learn about Accommodative Dysfunction, including Accommodative Insufficiency, Excess, Infacility, and Fatigue. Explore the work-up, treatment, and follow-up of this condition.
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