Clinical Interview in Healthcare

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of accurate diagnoses is attributed to the clinical interview?

75% (correct)

100%

90%

50%

What is a benefit of professional communication skills in patient relationships?

Improving patient satisfaction (correct)

Reducing treatment costs

Decreasing the time of consultation

Increasing the frequency of treatment

What is a characteristic of a patient-oriented clinical interview?

Activating the patient's own resources (correct)

Prescribing medication

Conducting a physical examination

Focusing on the patient's medical history

During a clinical interview, what is established within the first few minutes?

Patient trust Signup and view all the answers

What type of clinical interview is commonly used in psychology and psychiatry?

Free/Non-formal Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that affects the physical therapy patient relationship?

The type of therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of effective communication skills in patient relationships?

Improved treatment compliance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of facilitation in a conversation?

To mediate and focus the conversation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of paraphrasing in a conversation?

To restate the patient's words in different words Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mistake to avoid in the informative stage of the resolution phase?

Not checking for understanding Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the negotiation stage in the resolution phase?

To exchange views and reach a final agreement Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of not clarifying the reason for consultation?

The conversation becomes less productive Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the PT-oriented approach?

To empathize with the patient and build a connection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using key words in and out of context?

To gather more information Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of open and short questions in a semistructured interview?

To allow the patient to provide more detailed information Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the PT to be aware of non-verbal signs?

To avoid miscommunication Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of empathy in a conversation?

To remain unbiased and understanding Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'broken record' technique?

To assure information and set limits Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the exploratory phase in a semistructured interview?

To gather information about the patient's condition Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mistake to avoid in the dialogue stage of the resolution phase?

Interrupting the patient Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the PT to maintain a neutral and relaxed position?

To build a connection with the patient Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including family, social, and job data in the semistructured interview?

To understand the patient's context and environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between listening and hearing in the context of a semistructured interview?

Listening is active, while hearing is passive Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Narrative Supporting Techniques

Low Reactivity: Minimizes interruptions during patient interaction to maintain focus.
Functional Silence: Can evoke emotional reactions, allowing patients to express themselves more freely.
Facilitation Skills: Utilize both verbal and non-verbal cues to mediate discussions and maintain focus.
Empathy: Practice unbiased understanding to build rapport with patients.
Paraphrasing: Restate patient’s concerns in different words to demonstrate understanding without misusing confrontation.
Work Handling Skills: Incorporate parallelism in questioning to elicit symptoms-related insights (e.g., "Do you associate your change of job with the onset of your symptoms?").
Common Interview Errors: Include impersonal greetings, not clarifying consultation reasons, focusing too much on secondary complaints, biasing questions, and losing control of the interview.

Resolution Phase

Informative Stage:
- Clearly announce health issues and propose treatment plans to ensure understanding.
- Use simple examples and verify patient comprehension through two-way communication.
- Avoid overly technical language and one-way conversation styles.
Negotiation Stage:
- Discuss relevant topics collaboratively, allowing brainstorming and establishing final agreements on health management.
Dialogue Stage:
- Outline problems and present suggestions for the patient’s consideration.
Agreement Stage:
- Create a mutual understanding where both the patient and the professional share responsibilities and compromises.

Clinical Interview

Purpose: Establish communication and trust between health professionals and patients, enhancing diagnostics capability to 75%.
Patient Trust: Is established within the first few minutes of interaction, critical for effective consultation.
Interview Types:
- Free/Non-formal: Common in psychology and psychiatry settings.
- Directed/Structured: Used in research and formal assessments.
- Semi-Directed/Semi-Structured: Balanced approach combining various methodologies.

Treatment Orientations

Patient-Oriented: Focus on activating the patient's resources, involving their beliefs and emotions in the therapeutic process.
PT-Oriented: More paternalistic approach, prioritizing problem-solving.
Key Aspects in Patient Interaction:
- Establish a connection and empathize.
- Educate patients on their conditions to enhance understanding.
- Explore patient expectations and beliefs to ensure shared understanding.
- Enroll patients in their treatment processes to foster responsibility.

Influencing Factors

Professional Image:
- Includes physical appearance, hygiene, and body language.
- Awareness of non-verbal signals is crucial in communication effectiveness.
Physical Space and Proximity:
- Maintain an open and neutral stance while respecting personal space to create comfort.
Listening Skills:
- Differentiate between active listening and just hearing; ensure engagement in true understanding.
Questioning Techniques:
- Use open-ended questions for expansive responses and closed questions for specific information, tailoring to needs.

Semi-Structured Interview

Exploratory Phase:
- Start with a warm and welcoming greeting.
- Open-ended questions define the reason for consultation and gather information on complaints.
- Address patients' thoughts and feelings, including fears, related to their issues.
- Incorporate family, social, and occupational data to understand complex situations better.

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Description

Learn about the importance of effective communication in clinical interviews, its role in diagnosis, and how it impacts patient satisfaction, trust, and treatment compliance.