Clinical Features of Peripheral Artery Disease
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Questions and Answers

Which factor does not influence the clinical manifestations of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

  • Duration of rest (correct)
  • Anatomical site
  • Presence of collateral supply
  • Speed of onset
  • What is the primary cause of death in patients with intermittent claudication (IC)?

  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Myocardial infarction or stroke (correct)
  • Liver failure
  • Cancer
  • Which symptom is not characteristic of intermittent claudication (IC)?

  • Pain in calf muscles
  • Pain relieved by rest
  • Tissue loss or gangrene (correct)
  • Pain triggered by walking
  • What annual percentage of patients with intermittent claudication deteriorate to the point where amputation or revascularisation is required, despite having the best medical therapy?

    <p>1-2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes critical limb ischemia (CLI) from intermittent claudication (IC)?

    <p>CLI involves rest pain requiring opiate analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is defined by rest pain and no tissue loss with ankle pressures above 50 mmHg?

    <p>Subcritical limb ischemia (SCLI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For patients with intermittent claudication, what is the typical onset and relief pattern of the pain?

    <p>Pain comes on after a constant claudication distance and subsides rapidly on stopping walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of critical limb ischemia (CLI) but not intermittent claudication (IC)?

    <p>Night pain requiring opiate analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Clinical Features of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)

    • Clinical manifestations depend on anatomical site, presence or absence of collateral supply, speed of onset, and mechanism of injury.

    Symptoms of PAD

    • Intermittent Claudication (IC): ischemic pain in leg muscles precipitated by walking and relieved by rest.
    • Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI): rest pain, tissue loss, and/or ulceration, present for >2 weeks, with ankle blood pressure <50 mmHg.
    • Acute Limb Ischemia: sudden onset of limb pain.
    • Atheroembolism: blockage of small arteries by cholesterol plaques.
    • Chronic Lower Limb Ischemia: persistent reduced blood flow to the legs.

    Characteristics of Intermittent Claudication (IC)

    • Most common presentation of PAD.
    • Pain usually felt in calf muscles, but can be in thigh or buttock if iliac arteries are involved.
    • Pain occurs after a constant "claudication distance" and rapidly subsides on stopping walking.
    • Patients experience a cyclical pattern of exacerbation and resolution due to disease progression and collateral development.
    • Only 1-2% per year will deteriorate to require amputation and/or revascularization.
    • Annual mortality rate is approximately 5%, primarily due to MI or stroke.

    Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI)

    • CLI: rest pain, tissue loss, and/or ulceration, present for >2 weeks, with ankle blood pressure <50 mmHg.
    • Subcritical Limb Ischemia (SCLI): rest pain, no tissue loss, with ankle pressures above 50 mmHg.
    • Severe Limb Ischemia (SLI): describes both CLI and SCLI.
    • CLI is always due to multi-level disease, whereas IC is usually due to single-segment plaque.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the clinical manifestations of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD), including intermittent claudication, critical limb ischemia, and more. Test your knowledge of the signs and symptoms of PAD.

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