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Questions and Answers
What is the main topic of Chapter 8?
What is the main topic of Chapter 8?
Renal impairment and its impact on drug safety
What is one of the mechanisms of renal excretion of drugs that students will be able to describe after completing this chapter?
What is one of the mechanisms of renal excretion of drugs that students will be able to describe after completing this chapter?
Different mechanisms of renal excretion of drugs
What are some examples of drugs that require special consideration in chronic kidney disease?
What are some examples of drugs that require special consideration in chronic kidney disease?
Lithium, antidiabetics, and oral anticoagulants
What is the importance of optimizing dosing regimens in patients with renal impairment?
What is the importance of optimizing dosing regimens in patients with renal impairment?
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What is chronic kidney disease?
What is chronic kidney disease?
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Why is it important to calculate glomerular filtration rate in patients with renal impairment?
Why is it important to calculate glomerular filtration rate in patients with renal impairment?
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What is the purpose of using different types of equations to calculate drug dosing in case of renal impairment?
What is the purpose of using different types of equations to calculate drug dosing in case of renal impairment?
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How can renal disease affect the effects of drugs?
How can renal disease affect the effects of drugs?
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What is the result of increased drug clearance?
What is the result of increased drug clearance?
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In patients with renal disease, what should be done to avoid harm when drug clearance is significantly reduced?
In patients with renal disease, what should be done to avoid harm when drug clearance is significantly reduced?
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How does renal disease affect a drug's effect?
How does renal disease affect a drug's effect?
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What is the maximum drug clearance via glomerular filtration alone?
What is the maximum drug clearance via glomerular filtration alone?
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How does protein binding affect drug clearance via glomerular filtration?
How does protein binding affect drug clearance via glomerular filtration?
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What is the formula for drug filtration rate?
What is the formula for drug filtration rate?
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What is the effect of decreased drug clearance on drug concentrations?
What is the effect of decreased drug clearance on drug concentrations?
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How should the medication dose be adjusted in patients with renal disease?
How should the medication dose be adjusted in patients with renal disease?
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What is the mechanism that enables renal clearance to be larger than the GFR?
What is the mechanism that enables renal clearance to be larger than the GFR?
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What type of drugs are actively transported from the blood to the tubular lumen?
What type of drugs are actively transported from the blood to the tubular lumen?
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What is the mechanism that affects weak acids and weak bases?
What is the mechanism that affects weak acids and weak bases?
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What is an example of a weak acid that is affected by reabsorption by non-ionic diffusion?
What is an example of a weak acid that is affected by reabsorption by non-ionic diffusion?
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What is an example of a weak base that is affected by reabsorption by non-ionic diffusion?
What is an example of a weak base that is affected by reabsorption by non-ionic diffusion?
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What is the mechanism that involves the active reabsorption of high threshold endogenous substances or nutrients?
What is the mechanism that involves the active reabsorption of high threshold endogenous substances or nutrients?
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What is an example of a substance that is actively re-absorbed?
What is an example of a substance that is actively re-absorbed?
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What is the rate of renal blood flow that active transport can theoretically achieve?
What is the rate of renal blood flow that active transport can theoretically achieve?
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What fraction of a drug with fu = 0.5 is excreted unchanged through the kidneys?
What fraction of a drug with fu = 0.5 is excreted unchanged through the kidneys?
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How should the dose of a drug be adjusted if CrCl is half normal?
How should the dose of a drug be adjusted if CrCl is half normal?
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What is the recommended approach to calculating CrCl in pregnant women?
What is the recommended approach to calculating CrCl in pregnant women?
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What happens to the dose-rate (DR) of drugs excreted 100% unchanged by the kidneys in cases of renal impairment?
What happens to the dose-rate (DR) of drugs excreted 100% unchanged by the kidneys in cases of renal impairment?
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What fraction of the dose should be halved if CrCl is half normal?
What fraction of the dose should be halved if CrCl is half normal?
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Why is it necessary to adjust the dose of certain drugs in patients with renal impairment?
Why is it necessary to adjust the dose of certain drugs in patients with renal impairment?
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What is the significance of fu in determining drug dosing in patients with renal impairment?
What is the significance of fu in determining drug dosing in patients with renal impairment?
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What is the consequence of not adjusting the dose of a drug in patients with renal impairment?
What is the consequence of not adjusting the dose of a drug in patients with renal impairment?
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What is the best overall index of kidney function?
What is the best overall index of kidney function?
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Why does the Cockcroft and Gault equation assume a 15% lower creatinine clearance for women?
Why does the Cockcroft and Gault equation assume a 15% lower creatinine clearance for women?
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At what age does creatinine clearance normally start to decrease?
At what age does creatinine clearance normally start to decrease?
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What is the purpose of the CKD-EPI Creatinine Equation?
What is the purpose of the CKD-EPI Creatinine Equation?
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How does the CKD-EPI equation improve on the MDRD Study equation?
How does the CKD-EPI equation improve on the MDRD Study equation?
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What is the recommended approach for dose adjustment in renal diseases for drugs with free fraction fu=1?
What is the recommended approach for dose adjustment in renal diseases for drugs with free fraction fu=1?
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Why is the age term in the Cockcroft and Gault equation (140 - age)?
Why is the age term in the Cockcroft and Gault equation (140 - age)?
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What is the correction factor for obese patients in the Cockcroft and Gault equation?
What is the correction factor for obese patients in the Cockcroft and Gault equation?
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