Podcast
Questions and Answers
Alice Smith, a 20-year-old secretary, presented to her GP with intermittent left-sided pricking chest pain of 1 day. This was associated with difficulty in breathing and dizziness. An ECG was done for her. What does it show?
Alice Smith, a 20-year-old secretary, presented to her GP with intermittent left-sided pricking chest pain of 1 day. This was associated with difficulty in breathing and dizziness. An ECG was done for her. What does it show?
Hassan Abdullah, a 60-year-old man who complains of chest pain following a road traffic accident. He is also diabetic and hypertensive. An ECG was done for him. What does it show?
Hassan Abdullah, a 60-year-old man who complains of chest pain following a road traffic accident. He is also diabetic and hypertensive. An ECG was done for him. What does it show?
A 55-year-old woman with Type 2 Diabetes has been on insulin for the last 2 months using a mixed insulin in a disposable pen. She is now about to leave for Hong Kong on her first overseas trip since commencing the insulin and asks you about the care of her insulin whilst traveling.
A 55-year-old woman with Type 2 Diabetes has been on insulin for the last 2 months using a mixed insulin in a disposable pen. She is now about to leave for Hong Kong on her first overseas trip since commencing the insulin and asks you about the care of her insulin whilst traveling.
All of the following effects of antipsychotic drugs are related to actions on dopamine receptors EXCEPT:
All of the following effects of antipsychotic drugs are related to actions on dopamine receptors EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
The human menstrual cycle is characterized by a proliferative phase followed by a secretory phase. The secretory phase of the human menstrual cycle is dependent upon:
The human menstrual cycle is characterized by a proliferative phase followed by a secretory phase. The secretory phase of the human menstrual cycle is dependent upon:
Signup and view all the answers
During a vaginal examination, a doctor must be aware of the relations of the vagina. Which of the following relations or descriptions is INCORRECT?
During a vaginal examination, a doctor must be aware of the relations of the vagina. Which of the following relations or descriptions is INCORRECT?
Signup and view all the answers
A patient with acute right iliac fossa pain was found to have a calculus lodged where the lumen of her right ureter is at its narrowest diameter. Which of the following is the most likely site of the calculus?
A patient with acute right iliac fossa pain was found to have a calculus lodged where the lumen of her right ureter is at its narrowest diameter. Which of the following is the most likely site of the calculus?
Signup and view all the answers
The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is prolonged in the following conditions or with the following medications:
The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is prolonged in the following conditions or with the following medications:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about human pregnancy and parturition is most accurate?
Which of the following statements about human pregnancy and parturition is most accurate?
Signup and view all the answers
The metabolic response to starvation includes all of the following EXCEPT:
The metabolic response to starvation includes all of the following EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
A post-pubertal female-to-male transsexual is given testosterone to assist his change in body appearance. He comes to you because he recently had a fracture of a thoracic vertebra due to osteoporosis. Which of his problems is likely to be a result of the androgen administration?
A post-pubertal female-to-male transsexual is given testosterone to assist his change in body appearance. He comes to you because he recently had a fracture of a thoracic vertebra due to osteoporosis. Which of his problems is likely to be a result of the androgen administration?
Signup and view all the answers
With regard to the spleen, which one of the following is correct?
With regard to the spleen, which one of the following is correct?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following hormones would fail to increase in response to acute hemorrhage?
Which of the following hormones would fail to increase in response to acute hemorrhage?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following sexually transmissible infections does NOT match the etiological organism?
Which of the following sexually transmissible infections does NOT match the etiological organism?
Signup and view all the answers
A 40-year-old man with terminal prostatic carcinoma is revealed to have numerous metastases in his lumbar spine. This is because the prostatic venous plexus communicates with the internal vertebral venous plexus MOST LIKELY via the:
A 40-year-old man with terminal prostatic carcinoma is revealed to have numerous metastases in his lumbar spine. This is because the prostatic venous plexus communicates with the internal vertebral venous plexus MOST LIKELY via the:
Signup and view all the answers
A 26-year-old patient with Type 1 Diabetes calls her GP at 7:30 am indicating she vomited last night and is still nauseous. Her blood glucose was 12 mmol/L and urine ketones show a trace. What is the most appropriate action?
A 26-year-old patient with Type 1 Diabetes calls her GP at 7:30 am indicating she vomited last night and is still nauseous. Her blood glucose was 12 mmol/L and urine ketones show a trace. What is the most appropriate action?
Signup and view all the answers
In a patient with Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome, which of the following treatment protocols would be recommended based on circadian principles?
In a patient with Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome, which of the following treatment protocols would be recommended based on circadian principles?
Signup and view all the answers
The currently accepted health benefits of hormone therapy after menopause include reduction in:
The currently accepted health benefits of hormone therapy after menopause include reduction in:
Signup and view all the answers
The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is prolonged in each of these conditions EXCEPT:
The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is prolonged in each of these conditions EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
A 70-year-old male has a carcinoma in the sigmoid colon. By which of the following routes are tumor cells most likely to be carried in blood draining from it?
A 70-year-old male has a carcinoma in the sigmoid colon. By which of the following routes are tumor cells most likely to be carried in blood draining from it?
Signup and view all the answers
A 20-year-old motorcyclist was involved in a road traffic accident and sustained traumatic pancreatitis. He developed a collection of pancreatic secretion known as a pseudocyst. Where is this pseudocyst MOST LIKELY located?
A 20-year-old motorcyclist was involved in a road traffic accident and sustained traumatic pancreatitis. He developed a collection of pancreatic secretion known as a pseudocyst. Where is this pseudocyst MOST LIKELY located?
Signup and view all the answers
Ms. Alana Bridge, a 22-year-old environmental scientist, has been on the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) for three years but often forgets to take it. She and her partner are planning to have children in about 3-4 years. What is the best contraceptive option for her?
Ms. Alana Bridge, a 22-year-old environmental scientist, has been on the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) for three years but often forgets to take it. She and her partner are planning to have children in about 3-4 years. What is the best contraceptive option for her?
Signup and view all the answers
Mrs. Antonia Jane, a 37-year-old married magazine editor, has smoked since her late teens and has heavy, regular periods. She has three children and does not plan to have any more but hasn’t completely ruled it out. What is the best contraceptive option for her?
Mrs. Antonia Jane, a 37-year-old married magazine editor, has smoked since her late teens and has heavy, regular periods. She has three children and does not plan to have any more but hasn’t completely ruled it out. What is the best contraceptive option for her?
Signup and view all the answers
A 30-year-old lady presented with signs and symptoms of small intestinal obstruction. The radiological feature seen in an erect abdominal radiograph that would BEST support the diagnosis would be:
A 30-year-old lady presented with signs and symptoms of small intestinal obstruction. The radiological feature seen in an erect abdominal radiograph that would BEST support the diagnosis would be:
Signup and view all the answers
Exercise training increases insulin sensitivity by all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT:
Exercise training increases insulin sensitivity by all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is used as a general anesthetic by intravenous route?
Which of the following is used as a general anesthetic by intravenous route?
Signup and view all the answers
A man has a selective increase in inhibin production and secretion. What abnormalities of hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion would you expect to see?
A man has a selective increase in inhibin production and secretion. What abnormalities of hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion would you expect to see?
Signup and view all the answers
The effect of aging on human body composition includes all of the following EXCEPT:
The effect of aging on human body composition includes all of the following EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
A patient has a twelve-month history of weight gain, hypertension, abdominal striae, proximal muscle weakness, and diabetes. A presumptive diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome is made. Which of the following observations would be most consistent with an adrenal adenoma?
A patient has a twelve-month history of weight gain, hypertension, abdominal striae, proximal muscle weakness, and diabetes. A presumptive diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome is made. Which of the following observations would be most consistent with an adrenal adenoma?
Signup and view all the answers
The mechanism of action of bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate) in the treatment of osteoporosis relates to their ability to:
The mechanism of action of bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate) in the treatment of osteoporosis relates to their ability to:
Signup and view all the answers
A 25-year-old woman presents with medial thigh pain almost on a monthly basis. This is MOST LIKELY explained by the ovary’s direct relationship to the:
A 25-year-old woman presents with medial thigh pain almost on a monthly basis. This is MOST LIKELY explained by the ovary’s direct relationship to the:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is most likely to be located one-third of the way along a line between the right anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus?
Which of the following is most likely to be located one-third of the way along a line between the right anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus?
Signup and view all the answers
The most important ethical problem in performing a focus group on people’s experience of depression is that:
The most important ethical problem in performing a focus group on people’s experience of depression is that:
Signup and view all the answers
The human ovarian cycle has the mid-cycle surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) as a prominent feature that results in ovulation. The major endocrine signal leading to the mid-cycle LH surge is:
The human ovarian cycle has the mid-cycle surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) as a prominent feature that results in ovulation. The major endocrine signal leading to the mid-cycle LH surge is:
Signup and view all the answers
Tricyclic antidepressants are known to produce all of the following adverse effects EXCEPT:
Tricyclic antidepressants are known to produce all of the following adverse effects EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
Mrs. Janet Peckham is a 49-year-old teacher who presents with amenorrhea for 3 months. What is the MOST IMPORTANT test to perform?
Mrs. Janet Peckham is a 49-year-old teacher who presents with amenorrhea for 3 months. What is the MOST IMPORTANT test to perform?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about the Masters & Johnson model of human sexual response is the most accurate?
Which of the following statements about the Masters & Johnson model of human sexual response is the most accurate?
Signup and view all the answers
All of the following occur in the context of genetic counseling EXCEPT:
All of the following occur in the context of genetic counseling EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
An elderly farmer went for a laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Name the landmark used by the laparoscopic surgeon during surgery to differentiate between a direct and an indirect inguinal hernia:
An elderly farmer went for a laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Name the landmark used by the laparoscopic surgeon during surgery to differentiate between a direct and an indirect inguinal hernia:
Signup and view all the answers
On calculation, it was found that surgical management yields 19.46 life years. A similar calculation for drug treatment yields:
On calculation, it was found that surgical management yields 19.46 life years. A similar calculation for drug treatment yields:
Signup and view all the answers
A woman has a regular 28-day menstrual cycle, and she wishes to find out if she is ovulating. Which of the following would you advise as the most reliable method to determine if she has ovulated?
A woman has a regular 28-day menstrual cycle, and she wishes to find out if she is ovulating. Which of the following would you advise as the most reliable method to determine if she has ovulated?
Signup and view all the answers
A 55-year-old man with a BMI of 28 is having an annual checkup with his GP. He reports difficulty obtaining and maintaining an erection. Which of the following treatment options will best preserve his erectile capacity in the long term?
A 55-year-old man with a BMI of 28 is having an annual checkup with his GP. He reports difficulty obtaining and maintaining an erection. Which of the following treatment options will best preserve his erectile capacity in the long term?
Signup and view all the answers
The potency of an inhalational general anaesthetic is generally related to its:
The potency of an inhalational general anaesthetic is generally related to its:
Signup and view all the answers
A patient presents with weakness of the adductor muscles of the thigh and loss of sensation on the inner surface of the upper thigh after a pelvic operation. The nerve which was most likely damaged in the procedure passes through which opening?
A patient presents with weakness of the adductor muscles of the thigh and loss of sensation on the inner surface of the upper thigh after a pelvic operation. The nerve which was most likely damaged in the procedure passes through which opening?
Signup and view all the answers
A 42-year-old male presents with problems including abnormal glucose tolerance, obesity, and proximal muscle weakness. His condition is localized to the pituitary gland. A defect in the secretion of which hormone is most likely?
A 42-year-old male presents with problems including abnormal glucose tolerance, obesity, and proximal muscle weakness. His condition is localized to the pituitary gland. A defect in the secretion of which hormone is most likely?
Signup and view all the answers
A patient’s arterial blood sample shows: pH 7.55, PCO2 52 mm Hg, HCO3 40 mmol/L. What is the underlying disorder?
A patient’s arterial blood sample shows: pH 7.55, PCO2 52 mm Hg, HCO3 40 mmol/L. What is the underlying disorder?
Signup and view all the answers
A climber reaches an altitude of 5000 meters where PO2 is half the value at sea level. What will happen to his arterial PCO2 and pH?
A climber reaches an altitude of 5000 meters where PO2 is half the value at sea level. What will happen to his arterial PCO2 and pH?
Signup and view all the answers
An elderly female presented with severe acute suprapubic pain from an infarct to a segment of gastrointestinal tract by an arterial embolus. Which of the following arteries is most likely to have been occluded?
An elderly female presented with severe acute suprapubic pain from an infarct to a segment of gastrointestinal tract by an arterial embolus. Which of the following arteries is most likely to have been occluded?
Signup and view all the answers
Severe and recurrent depression causes a greater burden of disease and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) than advanced dementia because:
Severe and recurrent depression causes a greater burden of disease and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) than advanced dementia because:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is the first in the sequence of sperm production?
Which of the following is the first in the sequence of sperm production?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following has selective anti-anxiety effects without sedative or anticonvulsant activity?
Which of the following has selective anti-anxiety effects without sedative or anticonvulsant activity?
Signup and view all the answers
Fiona Bell is a 52-year-old female housewife who presents to the GP with dyspnoea and fatigue for 2 months. On clinical examination, Fiona has a rounded face, hirsutism, and truncal obesity with relatively slender arms and legs. The dexamethasone suppression test result indicated adrenal neoplasm or ectopic ACTH syndrome. Which of the following dexamethasone suppression test results would indicate adrenal neoplasm or ectopic ACTH syndrome?
Fiona Bell is a 52-year-old female housewife who presents to the GP with dyspnoea and fatigue for 2 months. On clinical examination, Fiona has a rounded face, hirsutism, and truncal obesity with relatively slender arms and legs. The dexamethasone suppression test result indicated adrenal neoplasm or ectopic ACTH syndrome. Which of the following dexamethasone suppression test results would indicate adrenal neoplasm or ectopic ACTH syndrome?
Signup and view all the answers
If the concentration of thyroid hormone binding proteins increases, a normal subject will show the following alteration after a new steady-state is reached:
If the concentration of thyroid hormone binding proteins increases, a normal subject will show the following alteration after a new steady-state is reached:
Signup and view all the answers
Antipsychotic drugs like phenothiazines or haloperidol are likely to exhibit pharmacological effects on all of the following systems EXCEPT:
Antipsychotic drugs like phenothiazines or haloperidol are likely to exhibit pharmacological effects on all of the following systems EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
A 53-year-old woman presents with increasing tiredness, depression, lethargy, dry skin, constipation, and cold intolerance. Which of the following is the most appropriate first single investigation?
A 53-year-old woman presents with increasing tiredness, depression, lethargy, dry skin, constipation, and cold intolerance. Which of the following is the most appropriate first single investigation?
Signup and view all the answers
Sarcopenia (reduced muscle mass):
Sarcopenia (reduced muscle mass):
Signup and view all the answers
A 60-year-old woman with hypothyroidism on thyroxine therapy is found to be overmedicated. What sign might you expect to see?
A 60-year-old woman with hypothyroidism on thyroxine therapy is found to be overmedicated. What sign might you expect to see?
Signup and view all the answers
A 32-year-old woman experiences numbness and tingling in her hands and feet following thyroid surgery. Trousseau’s and Chvostek’s signs are positive. What is the likely cause?
A 32-year-old woman experiences numbness and tingling in her hands and feet following thyroid surgery. Trousseau’s and Chvostek’s signs are positive. What is the likely cause?
Signup and view all the answers
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions can result from all of the following except:
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions can result from all of the following except:
Signup and view all the answers
The following changes occur at birth:
The following changes occur at birth:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following factors influencing the increase in childhood obesity is not a socio-environmental factor?
Which of the following factors influencing the increase in childhood obesity is not a socio-environmental factor?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is correct regarding the prevention of birth defects?
Which of the following is correct regarding the prevention of birth defects?
Signup and view all the answers
A 20-year-old male was stabbed in the right side through the 10th intercostal space just behind the mid-axillary line. Which of the following is most likely to have been penetrated by the point of the blade?
A 20-year-old male was stabbed in the right side through the 10th intercostal space just behind the mid-axillary line. Which of the following is most likely to have been penetrated by the point of the blade?
Signup and view all the answers
Prolonged glucocorticoid excess leads to:
Prolonged glucocorticoid excess leads to:
Signup and view all the answers
A patient presents with neurological symptoms that the doctor believes are due to piriformis syndrome. He must recall that piriformis can compress the sciatic nerve:
A patient presents with neurological symptoms that the doctor believes are due to piriformis syndrome. He must recall that piriformis can compress the sciatic nerve:
Signup and view all the answers
The doctor suspects that a patient’s symptoms may be related to excessive production of thyroid hormones. Which of the following statements about thyroid hormones is TRUE?
The doctor suspects that a patient’s symptoms may be related to excessive production of thyroid hormones. Which of the following statements about thyroid hormones is TRUE?
Signup and view all the answers
During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the surgeon must locate the bile duct. He must recall that it:
During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the surgeon must locate the bile duct. He must recall that it:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is associated with increased plasma AVP (vasopressin) concentrations?
Which of the following is associated with increased plasma AVP (vasopressin) concentrations?
Signup and view all the answers
A 30-year-old female with acute appendicitis had pain that shifted to the right iliac fossa. Which of the following is the most likely afferent nerve fiber path carrying this sensation from the irritated parietal peritoneum?
A 30-year-old female with acute appendicitis had pain that shifted to the right iliac fossa. Which of the following is the most likely afferent nerve fiber path carrying this sensation from the irritated parietal peritoneum?
Signup and view all the answers
6-year-old boy presented with short stature, with his height measuring 4.26 standard deviations below the mean. His bone age was equivalent to 3 years, and his serum cortisol was decreased. What is the most likely underlying diagnosis?
6-year-old boy presented with short stature, with his height measuring 4.26 standard deviations below the mean. His bone age was equivalent to 3 years, and his serum cortisol was decreased. What is the most likely underlying diagnosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Consumption of grapefruit juice may cause important drug interactions with medications such as statins or calcium channel blockers. This is primarily due to:
Consumption of grapefruit juice may cause important drug interactions with medications such as statins or calcium channel blockers. This is primarily due to:
Signup and view all the answers
With regard to genital development:
With regard to genital development:
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following would suggest that a breast mass may be sinister?
Which one of the following would suggest that a breast mass may be sinister?
Signup and view all the answers
If excess aldosterone is produced autonomously by an adenoma of the adrenal cortex, the typical findings in plasma are:
If excess aldosterone is produced autonomously by an adenoma of the adrenal cortex, the typical findings in plasma are:
Signup and view all the answers
In the management of drug exposure in pregnancy, you may consider all of the following factors EXCEPT:
In the management of drug exposure in pregnancy, you may consider all of the following factors EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
One of the following statements for controlling infection is TRUE:
One of the following statements for controlling infection is TRUE:
Signup and view all the answers
