Clinical Anatomy: Muscles of Anterior and Medial Thigh Compartments
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Questions and Answers

What is the action of the sartorius muscle?

  • Flexion and adduction of the hip joint
  • Flexion, abduction & lateral rotation of hip joint; Flexion of knee joint (correct)
  • Abduction and lateral rotation of the hip joint
  • Extension of the knee joint

    • Which muscle is a sesamoid bone embedded within its tendon?

  • Pectineus
  • Quadriceps femoris (correct)
  • Iliopsoas
  • Vastus medialis

    • What is the origin of the rectus femoris muscle?

  • Anterior inferior iliac spine (correct)
  • Posterior border of femur
  • Lesser trochanter of femur
  • Superior pubic ramus

    • Which nerve innervates the hamstring muscles?

    <p>Sciatic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is responsible for extending the knee joint?

    <p>Quadriceps femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nerve supply for the gracilis muscle?

    <p>Obturator nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT a flexor of the hip?

    <p>Quadriceps femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nerve that supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh is the:

    <p>Femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is an adductor of the hip joint?

    <p>Adductor magnus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures divides the thigh into three compartments?

    <p>Intermuscular septa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The femoral triangle is a region located in the:

    <p>Medial compartment of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the hip joint as well as flexion of the knee joint?

    <p>Gracilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the Gracilis muscle?

    <p>Obturator nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the Adductor magnus (Adductor portion)?

    <p>Body of pubis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle inserts into the posterior border of the femur at the Linea Aspera?

    <p>Gracilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the femoral triangle, what structures are enclosed in a fascial envelope known as the Femoral sheath?

    <p>Femoral artery and Femoral vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Adductor canal (Subsartorial canal)?

    <p>It allows passage for femoral artery and vein to become popliteal vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anterior Compartment of Thigh

    • Extensors of knee: Quadriceps femoris
    • Flexors of hip:
    • Sartorius
    • Pectineus
    • Psoas major
    • Iliacus
    • Nerve supply: Femoral nerve (L2,3,4)

    Muscles of Anterior Compartment

    Sartorius

    • Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
    • Insertion: Upper part of medial surface of tibia
    • Action:
    • Flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation of hip joint
    • Flexion of knee joint

    Pectineus

    • Origin: Superior pubic ramus
    • Insertion: Back of femur (below lesser trochanter)
    • Action: Flexion and adduction of hip joint

    Iliopsoas

    • Origin:
    • Iliacus: Inner surface of iliac fossa and anterior sacroiliac ligament
    • Psoas major: Anterior surfaces of T12-L4 vertebrae and discs
    • Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
    • Action: Flexion of hip joint

    Quadriceps Femoris

    • Origin:
    • Rectus femoris: Anterior inferior iliac spine (Hip bone)
    • Vastus intermedius: Front of shaft of femur (Ant. & Lat.)
    • Vastus medialis: Posterior border of femur (upper end and shaft of femur)
    • Vastus lateralis: Posterior border of femur (upper end and shaft of femur)
    • Insertion:
    • Into Patella (Patella is a sesamoid bone)
    • From patella into Tuberosity of tibia through Ligamentum patellae (Patellar ligament)
    • Action: Extension of knee joint

    Medial Compartment of Thigh

    • Muscles:
    • Adductor longus
    • Adductor brevis
    • Adductor magnus (Adductor part)
    • Gracilis
    • Action: Adduction of hip joint
    • Nerve supply: Obturator nerve

    Adductor Magnus

    • Adductor part:
    • Origin:
      • Body of pubis
      • Inferior pubic ramus
      • Ischial ramus
    • Insertion: Posterior border of femur (Linea Aspera)

    Femoral Triangle and Adductor Canal

    Femoral Triangle

    • Site: Upper 1/3 of front of thigh
    • Boundaries:
    • Base: Inguinal ligament
    • Lateral: Medial border of sartorius
    • Medial: Medial border of adductor longus
    • Roof: Skin and superficial and deep fasciae
    • Floor:
    • Adductor longus
    • Pectineus
    • Psoas major
    • Iliacus
    • Contents:
    • Femoral vein
    • Femoral artery
    • Femoral nerve
    • Deep inguinal lymph nodes

    Adductor Canal (Subsartorial Canal)

    • Definition: Intermuscular passage for femoral artery and vein to become the popliteal vessels in the popliteal fossa at the back of the knee.

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    Description

    Learn about the muscles of the anterior and medial compartments of the thigh including their origin, insertion, nerve supply, and actions. Test your knowledge on naming and describing these muscles with this quiz.

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