22 Questions
What is the primary characteristic of El Nino, a natural climatic phenomenon?
A cyclic fluctuation of warm and cold sea surface temperatures and atmospheric pressure
What is the main purpose of storm surge prediction and hazard maps preparation?
To identify areas prone to flooding and typhoon-related disasters
What is a common cause of flooding, according to the text?
Increased urbanization
What is the opposite phase of El Nino, characterized by a cooling phase of the Southern Oscillation?
La Nina
What is the main purpose of implementing legislation involving land use planning and zoning in the context of natural disasters?
To mitigate the effects of typhoons and flooding
What is a characteristic of a thunderstorm, according to the text?
Strong winds, intense rainfall, and lightning
What is the primary mechanism of foam extinguishers in fighting fires?
Blocking oxygen to prevent interaction with other elements
What type of fire requires the use of halogenated extinguishers?
Class D fires
What is the primary goal of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) efforts?
Minimizing vulnerabilities and disaster risks
What is essential for the development of an effective early warning system in a hazard-prone community?
Community-based disaster risk management
What is a key principle of community-based disaster risk management?
Active involvement of communities in all phases of disaster management
What is the outcome of effective disaster risk reduction efforts?
Reduced exposure to hazards
What is the ultimate purpose of DRRM?
To save lives and properties
What is the main objective of DRRM in building a community?
To build resilient communities
How long can a person survive without food intake as long as there is water?
5 days
What type of foods should be included in a DRRM survival kit?
Non-perishable foods
What is the importance of DRRM policies, laws, and regulations?
They can save lives if properly implemented
What is the role of students in CBDRRM?
They are agents of disaster preparedness and management
What is the purpose of the Philippine DRRM system?
To shift from disaster relief and response towards DRRM
What is the importance of education institutions in CBDRRM?
They are indispensable actors in CBDRRM
What is the recommended amount of water per person for a DRRM survival kit?
4 liters per person
What is the importance of having a first aid kit in a DRRM survival kit?
It provides essential medical supplies during emergencies
Study Notes
Storm Surge and Thunderstorms
- Storm surge prediction, hazard maps preparation, and zoning are essential for disaster risk reduction
- El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a natural climatic phenomenon characterized by cyclic fluctuations of warm and cold sea surface temperatures and atmospheric pressure in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific
- La Nina is the opposite phase of ENSO, with global climate impacts opposite to those of El Nino
- Thunderstorms involve lightning, thunder, strong winds, intense rainfall, and occasionally, tornadoes and hail
- The life cycle of a thunderstorm consists of developing, mature, and dissipating stages
Measures for Mitigating Typhoon-Related Disasters
- Determining areas prone to typhoon-related disasters
- Implementing legislation involving land use planning, zoning, and building standards
- Weather forecasting and monitoring
- Effective public typhoon warning systems
Fire Hazard and Flooding
- Fire hazard prevention involves determining fire risks, conducting fire drills, and having a fire safety plan
- Foam extinguishers are used to block oxygen and prevent it from interacting with other elements in the fire tetrahedron
- Flooding occurs due to natural phenomena, human activities, or both
- Causes of flooding include increased urbanization, best farming practices, and abnormal rise of water levels
DRRR (Disaster Risk Reduction and Review)
- DRRR involves systematic efforts to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks through analysis and management of causal factors
- It leads to reduced exposure to hazards, lessening of vulnerability of people and assets, and effective management of land and the environment
- Community-based DRRM engages communities in all phases of the disaster management cycle
- Key principles of DRRM include development, which can either increase or decrease disaster risk, and building resilient communities
Community-Based DRRM
- Community-based DRRM involves developing, implementing, and maintaining an effective early warning system in a hazard-prone community
- Community preparedness plans make the community informed and trained on how to prepare for hazard events and emergencies
- Participants of CBDRRM include individuals, families, LGUs, and stakeholders
- Focal point organizations take the lead in implementing risk reduction measures and managing disaster risks
Policies of DRRM
- Republic Act No. 10121 (PDRRM Act of 2010) strengthens the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System
- DRRM policies, laws, and regulations can save lives if properly implemented in the community
- The main objective of DRRM is to build resilient communities
- In schools, educational institutions are indispensable actors in CBDRRM, and students are most vulnerable sectors of the population
Test your knowledge of climate and weather patterns, including El Nino, La Nina, storm surges, and their impacts on global climate. Learn about storm surge prediction, hazard maps, and wetland protection.
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