Ch01. Foundations of Climate Change
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Questions and Answers

Which group of countries will be most negatively affected by climate change?

  • Poor countries (correct)
  • Countries with large coastlines
  • Countries with low population density
  • Wealthy countries

What is a potential response to decreased freshwater availability caused by climate change?

  • Drilling more wells
  • Implementing regulations promoting water conservation (correct)
  • Building more dams
  • Increasing water prices

Why might farmers need to change their farming practices in response to climate change?

  • To increase their yield
  • To avoid bankruptcy (correct)
  • To reduce their carbon footprint
  • To increase their profit margins

What is a role of governments in facilitating climate adaptation?

<p>Providing accurate information about climate change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a policy that can increase our vulnerability to climate change?

<p>Setting the price of flood insurance too low (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might individuals adapt to climate change without government direction?

<p>Because they need to avoid financial losses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of building higher levees to reduce flooding in a particular area?

<p>Pushing flooding into other areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of climate change adaptation efforts?

<p>Varying abilities of societies to adapt to climate change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of intentionally altering the climate system to cancel the warming effects of greenhouse gases?

<p>Unintended and unpredictable consequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in determining a society's ability to adapt to climate change?

<p>Economic stability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do richer countries have an advantage in adapting to climate change?

<p>They have more resources to invest in adaptation efforts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of climate adaptation efforts?

<p>Stabilizing the climate despite continuing emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of a rapid disintegration of the West Antarctic or Greenland ice sheets?

<p>A rise in sea level by several meters in a century or less (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary challenge of adapting to abrupt climate change events?

<p>The rapid rate of change, making it difficult for human and natural systems to adapt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of thawing permafrost and methane hydrates?

<p>The release of huge amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, leading to additional warming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is leaving adaptation up to individual farmers a significant disadvantage?

<p>Because some of the most effective adaptive responses require large-scale societal coordination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential impact of a shift in the timing and magnitude of the Indian monsoon?

<p>A change in the timing and magnitude of seasonal rainfall that billions of people rely on (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do climate models have difficulty predicting the occurrence of abrupt climate change events?

<p>Because they do not reliably predict the occurrence of abrupt climate change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a trajectory that reduces emissions more slowly over the next decade or two?

<p>Quicker emissions reductions will be required later (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aspirational goal of the Paris Agreement in terms of warming above pre-industrial temperatures?

<p>Limiting warming to 1.5°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required to achieve the mitigation target of the Paris Agreement?

<p>Emissions reductions to accelerate and reach net-zero in the second half of this century (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of surpassing the 2°C or 1.5°C warming targets?

<p>The climate system will experience a sudden transition into a new climate regime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of geoengineering in response to climate change?

<p>To engineer a more hospitable climate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary challenge of reducing emissions to achieve the mitigation target of the Paris Agreement?

<p>Transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide humans add to the atmosphere every year?

<p>40 billion tonnes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of solar radiation management strategies?

<p>To increase the Earth's albedo and reflect more sunlight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Paris Agreement, what is the target temperature increase above pre-industrial levels?

<p>Well below 2°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature threshold target for which the emissions budget is 580 billion tonnes?

<p>1.5°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of implementing large-scale solar radiation management strategies?

<p>Changes in precipitation patterns, potentially leading to droughts or floods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on present-day emissions, when will we exceed our carbon budget for stabilizing below 2°C?

<p>2050s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process referred to as CCS?

<p>Carbon Capture and Storage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of net emissions reduction required to achieve the 1.5°C threshold?

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which volcanoes cool the planet?

<p>Forming droplets that reflect sunlight back to space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the 2015 Paris Agreement?

<p>Holding the increase in global average temperatures to 1.5°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current rate of emissions reduction required to stay below the 2°C threshold?

<p>Immediate decline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of solar radiation management strategies?

<p>Unintended side effects, such as changes in precipitation patterns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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