Climate and Weather

• The lesson objectives are to identify the difference between climate and weather, show interest in the factors that influence climate, differentiate the types of climates, create a concept map to reflect the climate, and make a slogan showing concern for the potential impacts of climate change.

Classroom Rules

• Listen to instructions and follow them carefully.
• Participate in class activities and discussions.
• Be respectful to classmates and teachers.
• Raise a hand to ask questions or make comments
• Do not use inappropriate language or gestures.
• Submit work on time, as late submissions will face consequences.

Activity 1

• An activity to decide if a statement is weather or climate is undertaken.
• Weather is the mix of events or conditions that happen in the atmosphere over a period of hours or days such as windy blue skies, 75 degrees and sunny, and 20 degrees with heavy snow.
• Climate refers to the average weather condition in a place over many years in January it snows, or in July it is hot and humid.
• Climate is the long-term weather pattern.
• Weather is the short-term state of the atmosphere.

Small Scale Climates

• An activity is shown where you choose five locations to conduct an experiment.
• Two locations are in the classroom and three are outside the classroom.
• Measure temperature in each place for three minutes and record the readings.
• Describe the environment and identify plants or bodies of water present in each location.
• Are there differences in temperature with indoor or outdoor locations?
• Are there differences in plant life where you selected.

Factors Affecting Climate

• Latitude refers to the distance from the equator.
• The closer a region is to the equator, the more energy it receives from the sun.
• Prevailing winds refer to the wind direction in a particular area.
• Polar Easterlies are winds that blow from west going east in the middle latitude between 60 and 90 degrees.
• Westerlies are dry, cold winds that blow from the high pressure areas of the polar region.
• Horse latitude is a location where wind is weak due to high pressure and decreasing dry air.
• Trade winds are winds that blow from east to west that are near the equator.
• Doldrums/ITCZ happens in near the equator with light ocean currents, and is called doldrums because usually crew experienced boredom and inactivity in this area.
• Altitude or height above sea level affects the climate in a particular region.
• Elevated or higher places have a colder temperature than those at the ground level.
• Ocean and seas heat up and cool down longer than land, which affects the climate.
• Land cools down faster than the sea, which creates the land breeze.

Types of climates

• Tropical climates are found near the equator, and generally have two seasons that are dry and wet.
• Dry climates involve very hot summers with seldom rain and precipitation.
• Temperate climates have moderate rainfall across the year, with warm summers and cool winters.
• Continental climates include temperature variation year round with hot summer, cold winters and a small amount of rainfall.
• Polar climates include warm summers and very cold long winters, and the temperatures are so cold a layer of permafrost is made.

Climates in the Philippines

• Microclimate refers to the climatic conditions in localized area near Earth's surface and is usually defined by things like temperature, moisture, winds, vegetation, soil, elevation, latitude, and season.
• The Philippines has 4 climate types.
• Type 1 has two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April, and wet during the rest of the year, such as MIMAROPA, Central Luzon, and Palawan.
• Type 2 has no dry seasons with a very pronounced rainfall from November to April, such as CARAGA, Davao Region, Samar, and Leyte.
• Type 3 has seasons that are not very pronounced with relatively dry from November to April, such as northern Mindanao, Cebu, Bohol, and Central Luzon.
• Type 4 is where rainfall is more are less evenly distributed through the year.

Concept Map Activity

• Group members work in three to brainstorm to share their ideas
• Use a long bond paper to creat a concept map about the various factors affecting climate and weather.
• Choose one representative from the group to present to the class.
• Points will be awarded for content (25), connections (10), linking words (15), and organization (10).

Slogan Assignment

• Create a slogan to show you care about climate change.
• Points will be awarded for relevance to the theme (20), originality (15), creativity (10), and uniqueness (5).