Climate and Its Factors

Study Notes

Climate refers to the long-term average atmospheric conditions in a particular region, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind patterns, and other meteorological factors.

Latitude: climate varies with latitude, with equatorial regions being warmer and polar regions being colder
Altitude: climate changes with elevation, with higher elevations being cooler and receiving more precipitation
Oceanic and Continental Influences: proximity to oceans or continents affects climate, with oceans moderating temperatures and continents experiencing greater temperature extremes
Mountain Ranges: mountain ranges can block or redirect air masses, influencing climate patterns
Human Activities: human activities such as deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions, and urbanization can impact climate

Tropical: high temperatures and high humidity throughout the year, found near the equator
Desert: low humidity and extreme temperature fluctuations, found in arid regions
Temperate: moderate temperatures and precipitation, found in mid-latitudes
Polar: extremely cold temperatures and low humidity, found in polar regions
Alpine: cold temperatures and high precipitation, found in mountainous regions

Tropical Zone: 23.5°N to 23.5°S latitude, characterized by high temperatures and high humidity
Temperate Zone: 23.5°N to 66.5°N and 23.5°S to 66.5°S latitude, characterized by moderate temperatures and precipitation
Polar Zone: 66.5°N to 90°N and 66.5°S to 90°S latitude, characterized by extremely cold temperatures and low humidity

Global Warming: increase in Earth's average surface temperature, primarily caused by human activities such as greenhouse gas emissions
Impacts: rising sea levels, more frequent and severe weather events, changes in precipitation patterns, and shifts in ecosystems and species distribution

Long-term average atmospheric conditions in a particular region, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind patterns, and other meteorological factors.

Latitude affects climate, with equatorial regions being warmer and polar regions being colder.
Altitude affects climate, with higher elevations being cooler and receiving more precipitation.
Proximity to oceans or continents affects climate, with oceans moderating temperatures and continents experiencing greater temperature extremes.
Mountain ranges can block or redirect air masses, influencing climate patterns.
Human activities such as deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions, and urbanization can impact climate.

Tropical climate: high temperatures and high humidity throughout the year, found near the equator.
Desert climate: low humidity and extreme temperature fluctuations, found in arid regions.
Temperate climate: moderate temperatures and precipitation, found in mid-latitudes.
Polar climate: extremely cold temperatures and low humidity, found in polar regions.
Alpine climate: cold temperatures and high precipitation, found in mountainous regions.

Tropical Zone: 23.5°N to 23.5°S latitude, characterized by high temperatures and high humidity.
Temperate Zone: 23.5°N to 66.5°N and 23.5°S to 66.5°S latitude, characterized by moderate temperatures and precipitation.
Polar Zone: 66.5°N to 90°N and 66.5°S to 90°S latitude, characterized by extremely cold temperatures and low humidity.

Global Warming: increase in Earth's average surface temperature, primarily caused by human activities such as greenhouse gas emissions.
Impacts of Climate Change: rising sea levels, more frequent and severe weather events, changes in precipitation patterns, and shifts in ecosystems and species distribution.