Climate and Biomes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors does not directly influence the climate of a location?

  • Average annual temperature
  • Longitude (correct)
  • Prevailing wind patterns
  • Amount and type of precipitation

A city located at 35°N latitude is most likely situated in which climate zone?

  • Temperate (correct)
  • Tropical
  • Polar
  • Arid

Which of the following best describes the climate on the leeward side of a mountain range?

  • Temperate with high humidity
  • Dry and arid (correct)
  • Wet and tropical
  • Cold and snowy

How do warm ocean currents generally affect the climate of coastal regions?

<p>They moderate temperatures, resulting in milder winters. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Köppen classification system primarily categorizes climates based on what two factors?

<p>Temperature and precipitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

North Carolina is classified as Cfa in the Köppen classification system. What does this indicate about its climate?

<p>Humid subtropical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a city park exhibit a cooler microclimate compared to the surrounding urban area?

<p>The park's vegetation provides shade and evapotranspiration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compared to inland areas at the same latitude, coastal regions generally experience warmer winters because:

<p>Oceans release heat stored during warmer months. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following adaptations would be LEAST beneficial for an animal living in the tundra biome?

<p>Nocturnal activity patterns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A significant decrease in precipitation and a rise in average temperature in a grassland biome would MOST likely lead to:

<p>A shift in plant species composition towards more drought-resistant species. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might the expansion of ice sheets during an ice age MOST directly impact coastal ecosystems?

<p>Cause a decrease in sea levels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following biomes is characterized by year-round warmth, high humidity, and the greatest biodiversity?

<p>Rainforest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST significant impact of weakened or reversed trade winds during an El Niño event?

<p>Disruption of normal weather patterns and potential for extreme weather events globally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a population of deer in a temperate deciduous forest experiences a significant decline due to disease, which of the following would MOST likely occur?

<p>A decrease in the population of predators that prey on deer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adaptation is LEAST likely to be found in animals living in a desert environment?

<p>A thick layer of insulating fat to conserve body heat. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does decreased upwelling along the Peruvian coast MOST directly affect the local marine ecosystem?

<p>It reduces the availability of nutrients, leading to a decline in fish populations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a more elliptical orbit of the Earth affect seasonal climate variations?

<p>It causes more extreme seasonal variations as Earth's distance from the sun varies greatly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a way that volcanic eruptions can temporarily affect Earth's climate?

<p>By releasing aerosols and ash that block sunlight. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increased carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) in the atmosphere lead to ocean acidification?

<p>Increased $CO_2$ reacts with seawater to form carbonic acid, increasing ocean acidity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is genetic biodiversity crucial for the long-term survival of a species?

<p>It allows for greater adaptability and resilience to diseases and changing environmental conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains why the tundra biome has the least biodiversity?

<p>The tundra's harsh, cold conditions limit the types of organisms that can survive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can sunspot activity affect Earth's climate?

<p>Fewer sunspots can lead to cooler temperatures due to lower solar radiation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do invasive species threaten biodiversity in local ecosystems?

<p>By outcompeting native species for resources and disrupting ecological balance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do melting glaciers contribute to coastal flooding?

<p>Melting glaciers release large amounts of water into the oceans, contributing to sea level rise. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Climate Factors

Temperature, precipitation, and wind patterns.

Tropics Climate Zone

Warm to hot temperatures year-round, located near the equator (between 23.5°N and 23.5°S).

Temperate Climate Zone

Moderate temperatures with distinct seasons, found between the tropics and polar regions (23.5° and 66.5° latitude).

Polar Climate Zone

Very cold temperatures year-round, found at the poles (66.5°N and 66.5°S).

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Rain Shadow Effect

A dry area on the downwind side of a mountain range due to blocked moist air.

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Ocean Currents

Transfer heat across the planet and affect weather patterns.

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Koppen Classification

Classifies climates based on temperature, precipitation, and seasons.

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Microclimate

A localized climate differing from the surrounding region's climate.

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Biome

A large geographic area defined by its climate, soil, plants, and animals.

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Biotic Factors

Living components of an environment, like plants and animals.

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Abiotic Factors

Non-living components of an environment (temperature, water, sunlight).

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Tundra Biome

Very cold climate with low precipitation and short growing seasons; mosses and lichens.

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Taiga (Boreal Forest)

Cold climate of coniferous forests with long winters and short summers; conifer trees.

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Deciduous Forest

Moderate climate with four distinct seasons; trees lose their leaves in the fall.

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Desert Biome

Hot and dry climate with very little precipitation; cacti and succulents.

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Ice Age

A long-term reduction in Earth's temperature, leading to large ice sheets.

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Sunspot Effect on Climate

Fewer sunspots may lead to cooler temperatures on Earth.

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Elliptical Orbit Impact

A more elliptical orbit causes more extreme seasonal variations due to changes in Earth's distance from the sun.

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Volcanic Cooling

Volcanic eruptions cool the climate temporarily by releasing aerosols and ash that block sunlight.

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CO₂ and Global Warming

CO₂ traps heat, leading to global warming, which disrupts growing seasons, species diversity and weather patterns.

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Glaciers and Sea Level

Melting glaciers increase sea levels leading to coastal flooding.

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Ocean Acidification

Increased CO₂ in the atmosphere makes oceans more acidic, harming marine life.

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Biosphere

The zone of life on Earth, including all living organisms and their interactions.

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Genetic Biodiversity

Variability in genetic traits within a species, crucial for adaptability and survival.

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