80 Questions
What is one of the choices mentioned for performing stretches?
Pin and stretching technique
What are two types of stretching techniques that use neurologic reflexes?
Contract relax (CR) and agonist contract (AC) stretching
When should stretching be done according to the text?
Before and after strengthening exercises
How many questions are posed by the text to understand stretching?
Five
What is the purpose of stretching?
To decrease tension in soft tissues
When performing a stretch, what is the term used to describe the tissue that is intended to be stretched?
Target tissue
What happens if the stretch is effective?
The tissues will be lengthened
What does passive tension in a tissue result from?
Increased fascial adhesions
Active tension in a muscle results from the contracting of which elements?
Myosin and actin filaments
What type of tissue can exhibit increased active tension besides muscles?
Myofibroblasts
How can you reason out the stretch for a ligament or region of a joint capsule if it's not a muscle?
Think of it as a muscle and do the antagonistic action
What does a shortened and contracted tissue resist?
Lengthening
How does shortened and contracted soft tissues limit mobility?
By resisting lengthening
What is described as the resistance to stretch in a tissue?
Tissue tension
What type of motion is needed to stretch ligaments and capsular joint fibers arranged horizontally in the transverse plane?
Rotation
If a muscle has multiple actions, what should be considered for an optimal stretch?
All its actions
For the right upper trapezius muscle with actions of extension, right lateral flexion, and left rotation, what type of motions are needed to stretch it?
Extension, right lateral flexion, left rotation
What should be avoided during the stretch of the right upper trapezius to ensure proper tension?
Left rotation
What is important to remember when stretching a target muscle?
To consider all its actions
How can one isolate a single target muscle for stretching from a functional group of muscles?
By fine-tuning the stretch
Which motion would slacken hip flexor muscles that are also adductors during stretching?
Adduction in the frontal plane
What limits flexion of the thigh at the hip joint if tissues on one side are tight?
"Taut tissues at the posterior side"
"How do we figure out what position to put the client's body in for an effective muscle stretch?" - What is the main question addressed in this part of the text?
"How do we achieve an effective muscle stretch?"
How can you figure out a stretch for a muscle?
Recall the muscle's actions and do the opposite
What is the principle to remember when stretching a muscle based on its actions?
Doing the opposite of the muscle's actions
What should be done to stretch a muscle that laterally rotates a joint?
Medially rotate the joint
Why is it important to extend the knee joint when stretching the sartorius?
To maximize stretch effectiveness
What happens when lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint is added to a stretch?
Sartorius is slackened
Why is isolating the stretch to just one muscle of a functional group difficult?
Muscles sharing similar actions in different planes
What is one reason why isolating stretches can be challenging?
"Muscles having different actions in different planes"
Why is contract relax stretching also known as proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching?
Because the target muscle is first contracted and then relaxed.
What reflex is utilized in the contract relax stretching technique to facilitate the stretch of the target muscle?
Golgi tendon organ (GTO) reflex
What happens immediately after the client isometrically contracts the target muscle during CR stretching?
The therapist stretches the muscle by lengthening it.
Why is it recommended to warm the target tissues before stretching?
To prevent joint sprains or strains
Which method is suggested in the text as the most effective way to warm the target tissues before stretching?
Taking a hot shower
What is the classic technique of stretching mentioned in the text?
Static stretching
How long is the traditional time recommendation to hold a static stretch?
20-30 seconds
What is the alternative to static stretching discussed in the text?
Dynamic stretching
Why is dynamic stretching considered beneficial according to the text?
It stretches tissues when joints are moved
What is an important consideration when performing dynamic stretching?
Moving joints carefully and gradually
What should be performed before dynamic stretching if the exercise involves added resistance?
Begin with small swings without resistance
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to warm target tissues before stretching?
Performing dynamic stretches
What is the key difference between static and dynamic stretching?
Dynamic stretching involves moving joints through ranges of motion.
Why should joint motions be done in a careful manner during dynamic stretching?
To gradually increase intensity and avoid injuries
What should be added to dynamic stretching after full ranges of motion are achieved if there will be added resistance during exercise?
Gradually adding resistance after full range motions
What is the advantage of dynamic stretching as an exercise warmup?
Enhancing joint flexibility
When is static stretching recommended according to the text?
After engaging in physical exercise
What characterizes the pin and stretch technique?
It targets specific regions of the body
Why are more sources recommending a dynamic manner for static stretching?
To bring neural pathways into play
What do dynamic stretches help achieve?
Increased range of motion
Which type of stretching involves holding a stretch for a short duration followed by repetitions?
Modified static stretching
What is the primary purpose of the pin and stretch technique?
Directing a stretch to specific regions of the body
Why is it important to warm up tissues before static stretching?
To increase tissue elasticity
How does dynamic stretching differ from static stretching?
Duration of held stretches
Why is dynamic stretching recommended before engaging in physical exercise?
To engage neural pathways used during exercise
What should be the focus when using the pin and stretch technique in stretching?
Directing the stretch to specific body areas
Which aspect of tissues is primarily influenced by dynamic stretching?
Elasticity
What is a key factor in determining how to fine-tune a stretch to isolate a target muscle?
The speed and forcefulness of the stretch
Why should stretching never hurt?
To avoid engaging the muscle spindle reflex
What is the main distinction between 'good pain' and 'true pain' during stretching according to the text?
Client's reaction to the pain felt
When should stretching be done for maximum effectiveness?
After a workout when tissues are warmed up
Why does the text discourage stretching cold tissues before a workout?
Cold tissues are resistant to stretching and more likely to be injured
What is the recommended approach if clients often describe a stretch as being painful?
Lessen the intensity of the stretch if true pain is experienced
What effect does forcing a stretch have according to the text?
Engages the muscle spindle reflex
Why does the text recommend slowing down and being gentle when stretching clients?
To avoid causing musculature to tighten during stretching
What is a detrimental outcome of imprudent stretching according to the text?
Potential setback in client's treatment program
Why is it suggested to apply heat before stretching soft tissues according to BOX 6-6 in the text?
To facilitate muscle relaxation and make fascia easier to stretch
What type of stretching can be done before an exercise regimen when tissues are cold?
Dynamic stretching
What does BOX 6-7 in the text caution against regarding static stretching?
The negative impact of static stretches on exercise performance
What is the problem with allowing a stretch's tension line to cover a large region of the client's body?
It may prevent feeling the stretch in a specific area being targeted.
In Figure 6-6 A, what part of the client's body is being stretched from the therapist's right hand to the left hand?
Distal thigh to upper trunk
Why might a very tight muscle within a line of tension limit the effectiveness of a stretch?
It may stop the stretch from being felt in another area.
What does pin and stretch technique aim to achieve?
To focus and direct the force of the stretch to specific target tissues
What is the purpose of pinning the client's lower rib cage during stretching?
To target lateral thigh and lumbar region
When pinning the client at the iliac crest, what is the specific target of the stretch?
Tissues of the lateral thigh
What do advanced stretching techniques like contract relax (CR) and agonist contract (AC) aim to utilize for stretching?
Golgi tendon organ reflex
How does contract relax (CR) differ from agonist contract (AC)?
CR involves relaxation before stretching whereas AC involves contraction before stretching.
What does pin and stretch technique accomplish by focusing and directing force during stretching?
Targets specific tissues for effective stretching
Why is it important to narrow down the focus of a stretch using techniques like pin and stretch?
To maximize effectiveness and specificity of stretching
What is one possible outcome if a different muscle limits a targeted muscle's stretch due to tightness?
The targeted muscle will not be successfully stretched
Test your knowledge on side-lying stretches performed on a client as demonstrated in Figure 6-6. Learn about the potential problems with allowing the line of tension of a stretch to spread over a large region of the client's body.
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